Question

choose the most correct answer. 1. the epiglottis is primarily responsible for a) breathing in oxygen b) ensuring the chyme enters the esophagus c) swallowing food down d) ensuring the bolus enters the stomach 2. which of the following is the correct statement for the function of the duodenum? a) all the digestion happens b) 90% of digestion happens c) pepsin breaks down starches d) 10% of digestion happens 3. the hcl in stomach is necessary to ensure that a) enzymes are activated b) bacteria are destroyed c) breaking down food d) all of the above

Explanation:

1. The epiglottis is a flap - like structure that closes over the trachea during swallowing to ensure that the bolus enters the esophagus and not the wind - pipe. It is not related to breathing in oxygen, chyme entering the esophagus, or food breakdown.
2. The duodenum is the first part of the small intestine. About 90% of digestion occurs in the small intestine, and the duodenum is where a significant amount of chemical digestion starts with the action of pancreatic enzymes and bile. Starch digestion mainly starts in the mouth with salivary amylase, and pepsin in the stomach breaks down proteins, not starches.
3. Hydrochloric acid (HCl) in the stomach creates an acidic environment which is necessary to activate enzymes like pepsinogen to pepsin. It also helps in destroying bacteria that enter the stomach with food.

Answer:

1. d) Ensuring the bolus enters the esophagus
2. b) 90% of digestion happens
3. d) All of the above