Question

clarissas parents smoke. they advise her not to smoke. she starts smoking at 12 years old. what is this an example of? genetic predisposition prosocial behavior observational learning environmental determinism

Explanation:

1. Analyze each option:

• Genetic Predisposition: Relates to inherited genetic factors, not directly about observing and imitating. Here, Clarissa's parents' smoking (her environment) and her starting to smoke despite their advice is about her observing their behavior (even though they advised against it) and imitating it, not genetic.
• Prosocial Behavior: Involves actions that benefit others, which is not related to smoking (a generally harmful behavior in this context) or the situation here.
• Observational Learning: Occurs when a person learns by observing others' behaviors. Clarissa's parents smoke (she observes this behavior), and despite their advice, she starts smoking, likely influenced by observing their smoking behavior.
• Environmental Determinism: Suggests the environment completely determines behavior, but here it's more about learning from observation rather than the environment being the sole determinant in a strict sense. Observational Learning fits better as it's about learning through observation of others' actions.

Answer:

Observational Learning