Question

directions: use the reading to fill in the blanks.

1. in the early 1800s, the role of the ____________ branch was unclear and had limited influence.
2. as president __________ was leaving office in 1801, congress passed the __________ act of 1789.
3. this law allowed the outgoing president to appoint ________ new justices of the peace.
4. the __________ approved the appointments, but not all of them were delivered before president __________ took office.

Explanation:

To solve these fill - in - the - blank questions, we need to recall knowledge about the early American political system, especially related to the judicial branch and the events around the end of John Adams' presidency and the beginning of Thomas Jefferson's presidency.

Question 1

In the early 1800s, the role of the judicial branch was unclear and had limited influence. The judicial branch, especially the Supreme Court, was still in the process of defining its power and role in the American political system at that time.

Question 2

As President John Adams was leaving office in 1801, Congress passed the Judiciary Act of 1801 (note: there was a Judiciary Act of 1789 as well, but in the context of Adams leaving office, the Judiciary Act of 1801 is more relevant. If the question insists on the 1789 Act, the first part is still John Adams as he was leaving office in 1801 and the Judiciary Act of 1789 established the federal court system).

Question 3

This law (the Judiciary Act of 1801) allowed the outgoing president (John Adams) to appoint fifteen new justices of the peace.

Question 4

The Senate approved the appointments, but not all of them were delivered before President Thomas Jefferson took office. This led to the famous case of Marbury v. Madison.

Answer:

s:

1. judicial
2. John Adams; Judiciary (or if strictly 1789 Act, still John Adams as the president leaving in 1801 and the 1789 Act established the court system)
3. fifteen
4. Senate; Thomas Jefferson