Question

1. errors in dna replication during mitosis can lead to:

a. mutations and diseases
b. increased genetic diversity
c. accurate cell division
d. chromosome pairing

1. what is the impact of a mutation on a gene?

a. it has no effect on the organism
b. it always leads to a beneficial trait
c. it can change the gene’s function or expression
d. it eliminates the gene from the dna

1. what is the role of trna during translation?

a. transcribes dna
b. carries amino acids to the ribosome
c. forms peptide bonds
d. synthesizes mrna

Explanation:

Question 4

• Option a: Errors in DNA replication during mitosis can cause changes in the DNA sequence (mutations), and some mutations can lead to diseases.
• Option b: Increased genetic diversity is mainly from meiosis (like crossing over), not mitotic DNA replication errors.
• Option c: Errors would disrupt accurate cell division, not cause it.
• Option d: Chromosome pairing occurs in meiosis, not mitosis.

• Option a: Mutations can have effects (like causing diseases or beneficial traits), so "no effect" is wrong.
• Option b: Mutations are not always beneficial; they can be neutral or harmful.
• Option c: A mutation changes the DNA sequence of a gene, which can alter the gene’s function or how it’s expressed (e.g., a point mutation changing an amino acid in a protein).
• Option d: Mutations don’t eliminate the gene from DNA; they alter its sequence.

• Option a: Transcribing DNA into mRNA is done by RNA polymerase, not tRNA.
• Option b: tRNA (transfer RNA) has an anticodon that matches mRNA codons and carries the corresponding amino acid to the ribosome during translation to build proteins.
• Option c: Peptide bonds are formed by the ribosome, not tRNA.
• Option d: mRNA is synthesized during transcription (by RNA polymerase), not by tRNA.

Answer:

a. Mutations and diseases

Question 5