Question

exit ticket 5.4 – the global cold war: chinese communism
source: chinese peasants at a struggle meeting. in the center stands a peasant woman with her former landlord standing in front of her. struggle meetings were organized by the chinese communist party as part of the land reform process. photo circa 1950.

1. *which of the following describes the likely intent of the event depicted in the photograph above?

a. struggle meetings were used to empower peasants and condemn feudalism
b. struggle meetings allowed women to denounce and condemn patriarchal practices
c. struggle meetings intended to transition china’s peasantry from agriculture to industry
d. struggle meetings allowed peasants to form labor unions and advocate for higher wages and increased rights

1. **which of the following directly enabled the establishment of the government that sponsored the event pictured above?

a. the collapse of the qing empire due to a combination of internal and external pressure
b. the alliance formed between the communists and peasants in the anti - imperial battle against japanese occupation
c. the victory of the chinese nationalists over the communists in a civil war
d. the financial support of the soviet union to chinese communists

1. the ideology reflected in the source was most directly the result of which of the following developments in the nineteenth century?

a. growing discontent with traditional forms of government led to the development of new political ideas.
b. rebellions against imperial rule led to the formation of new independent states.
c. demands for an expanded suffrage including women and the working class challenged existing political hierarchies.
d. enlightenment philosophers and writers increasingly turned to empiricism and denounced the role of religion in political life.

Explanation:

Question 1

The photo shows a struggle meeting organized by the Chinese Communist Party during land reform (circa 1950). Struggle meetings in this context aimed to empower peasants (by letting them confront landlords) and condemn feudal landownership (feudalism). Option a matches this: empowering peasants and condemning feudalism. Option b focuses on patriarchal practices (not the main intent here). Option c is about transitioning to industry (unrelated to land reform struggle meetings). Option d is about labor unions (not the purpose of these meetings).

The event is sponsored by the Chinese Communist Party (post - 1949 establishment). The alliance between communists and peasants during the anti - Japanese occupation (and later civil war) was crucial. The collapse of Qing (option a) was earlier (1911) and not the direct enabler of CCP's government. The nationalists' victory (option c) is wrong (CCP won the civil war). Soviet support (option d) was a factor but not the direct enabler compared to the peasant - communist alliance in anti - imperial (anti - Japanese) and civil war efforts. So option b is correct.

The ideology is communism (reflected in land reform, class struggle). In the 19th century, the working class (and peasants, part of the working class - adjacent) challenging existing hierarchies (like feudal or capitalist) aligns with communist ideology's roots. Option a is about new political ideas generally (not specific to communist - like challenges). Option b is about independent states (nationalism, not class - based ideology). Option d is about empiricism and religion (unrelated to communist ideology's development). Option c: demands for expanded suffrage and working class challenging hierarchies matches the rise of socialist/communist ideas (challenging existing political/economic hierarchies).

Answer:

a. Struggle meetings were used to empower peasants and condemn feudalism

Question 2