Question

8 fredrick wanted to find out what soil works best for growing roses. he grew them in potting soil, clay, sand, and soil he found outside his yard. after one week, he measured their height and how many leaves they had.

a. independent variable (iv)

b. dependent variable (dv)

c. control

d. constants

Explanation:

Part a: Independent Variable (IV)

The independent variable is the factor that is manipulated in an experiment. Here, Fredrick is testing different types of soil (potting soil, clay, sand, yard soil) to see their effect on rose growth. So the type of soil is the variable he changes.

The dependent variable is what is measured or observed to see the effect of the independent variable. Fredrick measures the height and number of leaves of the roses, which depend on the type of soil used.

A control in an experiment is a standard or reference group to compare with the experimental groups. However, if we consider the "soil he found outside his yard" as a baseline (or if there's an assumption of a standard, but in this case, maybe the other factors like the type of rose plant, amount of water, light, etc. are kept constant. Wait, actually, the control here could be the conditions kept the same for all plants (like same type of rose, same watering, same light), but if we take the soil, maybe there's no specific control soil, but the constants are the non - soil factors. Wait, the question says "Control" – maybe the answer is the soil from outside his yard as a baseline, or the other factors. But more accurately, the control group would be a group where the independent variable is at a standard level. But in this experiment, since he's testing different soils, the control could be the soil he normally uses (maybe the yard soil) or the conditions (like same rose plants, same care). But based on the experiment, the control is the factors that are kept constant, like the type of rose plant, amount of water, light, temperature, etc. But if we go by the soil, maybe the yard soil is a control? Wait, no. Let's re - think. The independent variable is soil type, so the control would be the other factors (like same rose, same watering, same light) that are kept constant. But the question might expect the answer as the soil from outside his yard as a control (a baseline). Or maybe the answer is the conditions (like same rose plants, same care). But given the context, the control is the factors that are held constant, such as the type of rose plant, the amount of water given to each plant, the amount of light they receive, etc. But if we have to put it in terms of soil, maybe the yard soil is a control. But I think the more appropriate answer is the non - soil factors (like same rose, same water, same light) are the controls. But since the question is about "Control" in the experiment, and the experiment is about soil, maybe the control is the soil he found outside his yard (as a baseline) or the other factors. Let's assume that the control is the soil from outside his yard (as a reference) or the conditions. But the most likely answer here is the soil from outside his yard (or the other factors like same rose, same care). But to be precise, the control is the set of conditions that are kept the same for all experimental groups, such as the type of rose plant, amount of water, light, etc. But since the question is in the context of the soil experiment, maybe the answer is the soil from outside his yard.

Answer:

Type of soil (potting soil, clay, sand, yard soil)

Part b: Dependent Variable (DV)