Question

golden rice is a genetically modified organism (gmo) that is an effective source of vitamin a for human populations. how are gmos such as golden rice made?
organisms with desirable genes have those genes amplified within their genome using pcr.
organisms with desirable genes are selectively bred with organisms lacking those desirable genes.
desirable genes are inserted into organisms using restriction enzymes and dna ligases.
cloning technology is used to make embryonic tissue which turns on the desired genes.

Explanation:

Genetically modified organisms (GMOs) like Golden Rice are created by inserting specific desirable genes into the target organism's genome. This is done using molecular tools such as restriction enzymes (to cut DNA) and DNA ligases (to join the desired gene with the host DNA). The other options describe different biotechnological or traditional breeding methods: the first option describes gene amplification via PCR (not GMO creation), the second is selective breeding, and the fourth is cloning technology, which is not the method for creating GMOs like Golden Rice.

Answer:

Desirable genes are inserted into organisms using restriction enzymes and DNA ligases.