Question

individuals who believe that an unpleasant experience is unavoidable and therefore do nothing to change the course of events are exhibiting a. self - actualization attributes b. the fight - or - flight response c. attributional deficits d. cognitive dissonance e. learned helplessness

Explanation:

• Self-actualization refers to pursuing one's full potential, not passivity toward negative events.
• Fight-or-flight is a stress response of acting to avoid threat, not inaction.
• Attributional deficits involve errors in explaining events, not passive acceptance of unavoidable harm.
• Cognitive dissonance is discomfort from conflicting beliefs/actions, not this passive behavior.
• Learned helplessness is exactly the state where individuals stop trying to change a situation after repeated exposure to unavoidable negative events, matching the description.

Answer:

E. learned helplessness