QUESTION IMAGE
Question
les composantes du système technologique dune éolienne
décrivez la fonction des composantes du système technologique dune éolienne et
rapporter le numéro qui leur correspond au schéma ci - dessous :
| n° | composantes | fonction |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | moyeu | |
| 3 | nacelle | |
| 3.1 | axe | |
| 3.2 | multiplicateur | |
| 3.3 | générateur (alternateur/moteur) | |
| 4 | a) anémomètre | |
| 4 | b) girouette | |
| 5 | tour |
To solve this, we analyze each component of a wind turbine (éolienne) and describe its function:
1. Pales (Blades)
- Function: Capture the kinetic energy of the wind (énergie cinétique du vent) and convert it into rotational motion (mouvement rotatif) to turn the rotor.
2. Moyeu (Hub)
- Function: Connect the blades (pales) to the main shaft (axe) of the turbine, transferring the rotational force from the blades to the shaft.
3. Nacelle (Nacelle)
- Function: Houses the key mechanical and electrical components (e.g., shaft, multiplier, generator) of the wind turbine, protecting them from environmental factors.
3.1 Axe (Shaft)
- Function: Transmit the rotational motion (mouvement rotatif) from the hub (moyeu) to the multiplier (multiplicateur) or directly to the generator.
3.2 Multiplicateur (Gearbox/Multiplier)
- Function: Increase the rotational speed (vitesse rotative) of the shaft to a level suitable for the generator to produce electricity efficiently.
3.3 Générateur (alternateur/moteur) (Generator - Alternator/Motor)
- Function: Convert the mechanical energy (énergie mécanique) from the rotating shaft into electrical energy (énergie électrique) (alternator mode) or, in some cases, act as a motor to adjust the turbine (e.g., for yaw or pitch control).
4. a) Anémomètre (Anemometer)
- Function: Measure the wind speed (vitesse du vent) to provide data for optimizing turbine performance and safety (e.g., shutting down in extreme winds).
4. b) Girouette (Wind Vane)
- Function: Detect the wind direction (direction du vent) and guide the turbine (via yaw control) to face into the wind for maximum energy capture.
5. Tour (Tower)
- Function: Elevate the nacelle and rotor assembly to a height where wind speeds are higher and more consistent, providing structural support.
To complete the table, match each component to its function as described above. For example:
| N° | Composantes | Fonction |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Moyeu | Relier les pales à l'axe et transmettre le mouvement rotatif. |
| 3 | Nacelle | Abriter les composants mécaniques/électriques (axe, multiplicateur, etc.) |
| 3.1 | Axe | Transmettre le mouvement rotatif du moyeu au multiplicateur/générateur. |
| 3.2 | Multiplicateur | Augmenter la vitesse rotative pour le générateur. |
| 3.3 | Générateur (alternateur/moteur) | Convertir énergie mécanique en énergie électrique (ou réguler le turbine). |
| 4a | Anémomètre | Mesurer la vitesse du vent. |
| 4b | Girouette | Détecter la direction du vent et orienter la nacelle. |
| 5 | Tour | Élever la nacelle/rotor et fournir support structurel. |
If the task is to report the number corresponding to each component in a diagram (not shown here), you would visually identify each component in the diagram and assign its number (e.g., “Pales” = 1, “Moyeu” = 2, etc.).
Final Answer (for component functions, as a summary):
The functions of each wind turbine component are as described above…
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To solve this, we analyze each component of a wind turbine (éolienne) and describe its function:
1. Pales (Blades)
- Function: Capture the kinetic energy of the wind (énergie cinétique du vent) and convert it into rotational motion (mouvement rotatif) to turn the rotor.
2. Moyeu (Hub)
- Function: Connect the blades (pales) to the main shaft (axe) of the turbine, transferring the rotational force from the blades to the shaft.
3. Nacelle (Nacelle)
- Function: Houses the key mechanical and electrical components (e.g., shaft, multiplier, generator) of the wind turbine, protecting them from environmental factors.
3.1 Axe (Shaft)
- Function: Transmit the rotational motion (mouvement rotatif) from the hub (moyeu) to the multiplier (multiplicateur) or directly to the generator.
3.2 Multiplicateur (Gearbox/Multiplier)
- Function: Increase the rotational speed (vitesse rotative) of the shaft to a level suitable for the generator to produce electricity efficiently.
3.3 Générateur (alternateur/moteur) (Generator - Alternator/Motor)
- Function: Convert the mechanical energy (énergie mécanique) from the rotating shaft into electrical energy (énergie électrique) (alternator mode) or, in some cases, act as a motor to adjust the turbine (e.g., for yaw or pitch control).
4. a) Anémomètre (Anemometer)
- Function: Measure the wind speed (vitesse du vent) to provide data for optimizing turbine performance and safety (e.g., shutting down in extreme winds).
4. b) Girouette (Wind Vane)
- Function: Detect the wind direction (direction du vent) and guide the turbine (via yaw control) to face into the wind for maximum energy capture.
5. Tour (Tower)
- Function: Elevate the nacelle and rotor assembly to a height where wind speeds are higher and more consistent, providing structural support.
To complete the table, match each component to its function as described above. For example:
| N° | Composantes | Fonction |
|---|---|---|
| 2 | Moyeu | Relier les pales à l'axe et transmettre le mouvement rotatif. |
| 3 | Nacelle | Abriter les composants mécaniques/électriques (axe, multiplicateur, etc.) |
| 3.1 | Axe | Transmettre le mouvement rotatif du moyeu au multiplicateur/générateur. |
| 3.2 | Multiplicateur | Augmenter la vitesse rotative pour le générateur. |
| 3.3 | Générateur (alternateur/moteur) | Convertir énergie mécanique en énergie électrique (ou réguler le turbine). |
| 4a | Anémomètre | Mesurer la vitesse du vent. |
| 4b | Girouette | Détecter la direction du vent et orienter la nacelle. |
| 5 | Tour | Élever la nacelle/rotor et fournir support structurel. |
If the task is to report the number corresponding to each component in a diagram (not shown here), you would visually identify each component in the diagram and assign its number (e.g., “Pales” = 1, “Moyeu” = 2, etc.).
Final Answer (for component functions, as a summary):
The functions of each wind turbine component are as described above. For diagram numbering, match the component name to its labeled number in the diagram (e.g., “Pales” corresponds to number 1, “Moyeu” to 2, etc.).