Question

multiple choice. choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the question.

1. use the figures to answer the question.

which molecule(s) shown contain a carbonyl group?
a) c and d
b) c only
c) b, c and d
d) b and c
e) none of the molecules contain a carbonyl group.

1. to understand the chemical basis of inheritance, we must understand the molecular structure of dna. so we separate the dna from the rest of the cell and study it by itself. this is an example of the application of which concept to the study of biology?

a) evolution
b) emergent properties
c) feedback regulation
d) mechanism
e) reductionism

1. identify the one, if any, of the following people whom did not set up experiments that falsified the idea of vitalism.

a) hermann kolbe
b) friedrich wohler
c) stanley miller
d) jakob berzelius
e) all were involved

1. about 25 of the 92 natural elements are known to be essential to life. which four of these 25 elements make up approximately 96% of living matter?

a) oxygen, hydrogen, calcium, sodium
b) carbon, sodium, chlorine, nitrogen
c) carbon, oxygen, sulfur, calcium
d) carbon, sulfur, phosphorus, hydrogen
e) none of the above answers are the correct combination of four.

Explanation:

1. A carbonyl group is a carbon - oxygen double bond ($C = O$). By observing the molecular structures, we can determine which contain this group.
2. Reductionism is the approach of reducing complex systems to simpler components for study. Separating DNA from the cell to study it is an example of reductionism.
3. Jakob Berzelius was a proponent of vitalism and did not set up experiments to falsify it. The others did experiments that went against vitalism.
4. The four elements that make up approximately 96% of living matter are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen. None of the given options have the correct combination.

Answer:

1. (No answer can be given without seeing the actual molecular structures clearly)
2. E. reductionism
3. D. Jakob Berzelius
4. E. None of the above answers are the correct combination of four.