Question

multiple choice question
read this paragraph and answer the question.
the importance of writing
(1) writing fixes information, removing the burden of having to remember everything. (2) written records allow information to be stored and retrieved, hence, its economic and religious advantage... (3) the mesopotamian merchant needed to know when and to whom he had traded his wheat and when the buyer was obliged to pay him in full. (4) by moving away from an absolute reliance on memory, some mesopotamians could preserve and arrange information, freeing their minds for other intellectual activities.
source: dutton, paul, et al. many europes: choice and chance in western civilization. mcgraw educ., 2014.
identify the specific example in sentence 4 supporting the authors generalization and the transition that helps connect the two.
o \and when\ and \obliged to pay him in full\
o \writing\ and \fixes information\
o \hence\ and \written records\
o \by\ and \freeing their minds for other intellectual activities\

Explanation:

In sentence 4, "by moving away from an absolute reliance on memory" is the transition, and "freeing their minds for other intellectual activities" is the specific example showing the advantage of writing as a way to preserve and arrange information.

Answer:

"by" and "freeing their minds for other intellectual activities"