multiple-choice questions
questions 1 to 3 refer to the cartoon below.
1. an american who agreed with the above cartoon would most disagree with
(a) the installation of the statue of liberty in new york harbor
(b) the elevation of the territory of hawaii to statehood status
(c) the admission of puerto rico as an american territory
(d) the chinese exclusion act
2. the point of view of this cartoonist was that he
(a) recognized the contributions east asians made to industrial development in the united states
(b) was promoting the ideals of the nativist movement
(c) saw east asians as political radicals and criminals
(d) wanted to discourage irish and italian immigration to the united states
3. by the end of the 19th century, the united states had passed laws that
(a) restricted most immigration from all countries
(b) prevented chinese from entering the united states
(c) discriminated only against japanese immigrants
(d) deported american citizens with asian ancestry
short-answer questions
1. use the map below to answer all parts of the question that follows.
chinese emigration in the 19th century
(a) describe one cause of chinese migration during the 19th century.
(b) explain one effect of chinese migration on a country other than china during the 19th century.
(c) explain one effect of migration during the 19th century on the families of people who remained at home.
2. answer all parts of the following question.
(a) explain one way in which migrations in the period 1750–1900 impacted social structures.
(b) explain one way in which migrants incorporated their cultures into new environments in the period 1750–1900.
(c) explain one reason why states regulated the increased flow of immigrants in the period 1750–1900.

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Accepted Answer

### Multiple-Choice Questions
# Brief Explanations:
1. The cartoon shows a Chinese immigrant at the "Gate of Liberty" with a sign welcoming Chinese immigrants, rejecting negative labels. Someone agreeing with this would oppose anti-Chinese policies, so they would disagree with the Chinese Exclusion Act.
2. The cartoon defends Chinese immigrants, labeling negative groups (communist, nihilist) separately and welcoming Chinese immigrants, highlighting their "Industry" and "Order" contributions to the U.S.
3. By the end of the 19th century, the U.S. only passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, targeting Chinese immigrants, not all countries, Japanese specifically, or deporting citizens.
# Answer:
1. (D) the Chinese Exclusion Act
2. (A) recognized the contributions East Asians made to industrial development in the United States
3. (B) prevented Chinese from entering the United States

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### Short-Answer Questions
# Brief Explanations:
1. (A) 19th-century China faced economic hardship from the Opium Wars and internal unrest like the Taiping Rebellion, pushing many to seek work abroad.
1. (B) In the U.S., Chinese immigrants provided cheap labor for railroads and mining, accelerating westward expansion but facing nativist backlash leading to the Chinese Exclusion Act.
1. (C) Remaining families often relied on remittances from migrants for income, improving their economic stability but facing social separation.
2. (A) Migrations created hierarchical systems; in the Americas, European migrants dominated Indigenous and enslaved African populations, rigidifying racial social structures.
2. (B) Immigrants like Italians in the U.S. established ethnic enclaves (Little Italys) preserving language, food, and religious practices, integrating cultural traditions into local life.
2. (C) States regulated immigration to protect native-born workers' economic opportunities, as migrants were often willing to work for lower wages, sparking nativist pressure.
# Answer:
1. (A) One cause was widespread economic instability in China, fueled by post-Opium War debt and crop failures, which pushed many Chinese to seek labor opportunities abroad.
1. (B) In the United States, Chinese migration provided critical labor for the construction of transcontinental railroads, speeding up the country's westward economic development, while also triggering nativist hostility that led to restrictive immigration laws.
1. (C) Families remaining in China often received regular remittances from migrant relatives, which improved their financial security and allowed them to invest in local businesses or education, though family separation caused long-term social strain.
2. (A) Migrations between 1750-1900 reinforced racialized social structures in the Americas: European migrants occupied the top of the hierarchy, while enslaved Africans and Indigenous peoples were systematically marginalized, creating rigid, race-based class systems.
2. (B) Migrants like German immigrants to the U.S. integrated their cultural practices by establishing German-language newspapers, beer gardens, and religious institutions, which became permanent parts of local community life in regions like the Midwest.
2. (C) States regulated immigration to respond to nativist political pressure, as native-born citizens feared migrant workers would undercut their wages and compete for jobs, leading to policies like the U.S. Chinese Exclusion Act.

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