Question

part b: select the three statements that support the species relationships shown in the cladogram from part a.
a) enzyme m arose separately in species x, y, and z.
b) the dna band at position 17 was lost in species x.
c) a dna band at position 5 evolved prior to the emergence of enzyme m.
d) species y shares more amino acid sequences with species w than with other species.
e) the dna band at position 22 first emerged after species x and z diverged from the lineage.
f) the dna band located at position 11 appeared after species w and y diverged from the lineage.

☐ a
☐ b
☐ c
☐ d
☐ e
☐ f

Explanation:

First, we analyze the data and cladogram logic:

1. For option B: Species X has no DNA band at position 1.7, while the outgroup (implied by comparison to W) and other species likely have it, so this band was lost in X, matching the cladogram's unique branch for X.
2. For option C: Enzyme M is present in X, Y, Z but not W. A DNA band at position 5 is shared by X, Y, Z, so it evolved before enzyme M (which arose in their common ancestor after splitting from W).
3. For option F: The DNA band at 1.1 is only in W and Y. This means it appeared after W and Y diverged from the rest of the lineage, as it is unique to their shared branch.

Options A is wrong (enzyme M arose once in their common ancestor, not separately). Option D is wrong (Y shares more with X/Z than W). Option E is wrong (band 2.2 is in X/Z, so it emerged when they diverged from Y, not after X/Z split).

Answer:

B) The DNA band at position 1.7 was lost in species X.
C) A DNA band at position 5 evolved prior to the emergence of enzyme M.
F) The DNA band located at position 1.1 appeared after species W and Y diverged from the lineage.