Question

pre - clovis sites, people, culture & artifacts (9 - x)

1. two key pieces of evidence at meadowcroft rockshelter that seem to indicate a pre - clovis culture are

a. spear points grooved from their base to their tip b. wooden huts and mastodon meat
c. polished axes and domesticated animals d. stone tool flakes & animal bones

1. carbon - dated fragments at meadowcroft rockshelter yield dates ranging from

a. 2,000 - 4,000 bce b. 5,000 - 7,000 bce c. 8,000 - 10,000 bce d. 12,000 - 14,000 bce.
9 - a: tools and techniques used in archaeology

1. a survey is a process of data collection in which

a. before any excavation begins, archaeologists wander about a site
b. structures and dense areas of artifacts that hold historical interest may be located
c. pedestrian surveyors walk side - by - side, carefully combing the area
d. archaeological \finds\ are collected from the ground surface and, then, evaluated
e. a detailed and accurate map of the intended archaeological site and its surroundings is prepared
9 - b: archaeological methodology: prehistoric and historic inquiry

1. prehistory denotes the time before...

a. permanent settlements c. written record e. animal domestication
b. language d. agriculture

1. which of these is an example of a prehistoric archaeological find?

a. a court document from ancient rome d. a road sign from ancient greece
b. a recipe from ancient italy e. a journal of a young athenian
c. a small chiseled arrow head from the stone ages
9 - c: historical change: causes and effects

1. all of the following factors affect historical change except:

a. freezing point of water c. politics e. religious traditions
b. technological advances d. economics
9 - k: what is paleolithic archaeology?

1. the paleolithic age is also referred to as the

a. revolutionary stone age c. old stone age e. meso stone age
b. middle stone age d. new stone age

1. the paleolithic age gives us the first evidence of humans making and using

a. homes c. kitchenware (pots and pans) e. weapons
b. tools d. clothing
0 - l: understanding the evolution of human tools

1. what are defined as small hand - held tools created by shaving off small pieces of rock, usually flint?

Explanation:

1. Meadowcroft Rockshelter's pre-Clovis evidence includes stone tool flakes and modified animal bones, as characteristic pre-Clovis material culture lacks the distinct fluted spear points of Clovis, and the other options do not match the site's pre-Clovis artifacts.
2. Carbon dating of Meadowcroft Rockshelter materials has yielded dates ranging from 12,000-14,000 BCE, which supports its status as an early pre-Clovis site.
3. An archaeological survey is a surface data collection method where archaeologists gather and evaluate finds from the ground surface before excavation, and the other options describe partial or related but not core survey actions.
4. Prehistory is defined as the period before the development of written records, as written documentation is the marker for the start of "history" in archaeological/historical terms.
5. A Stone Age arrowhead is a prehistoric find because it dates to a time before written records, while the other options are written or historic-era objects.
6. The freezing point of water is a constant physical property and does not drive historical change, unlike politics, technology, economics, and religious traditions which are human/cultural factors shaping history.
7. The Paleolithic Age is commonly known as the Old Stone Age, corresponding to the earliest period of human stone tool use.
8. The Paleolithic Age provides the first evidence of humans intentionally making and using stone tools, which is a defining feature of this era.
9. These small, flint hand-held tools shaped by shaving rock flakes are defined as blades (or more specifically, flake tools; the standard term here is flake tools, which fit this description).

Answer:

1. D. stone tool flakes & animal bones
2. D. 12,000-14,000 BCE.
3. D. archaeological "finds" are collected from the ground surface and, then, evaluated
4. C. written record
5. C. a small chiseled arrow head from the Stone Ages
6. A. freezing point of water
7. C. Old Stone Age
8. B. tools
9. Flake tools (or blades; the precise term is flake tools, small flint hand-held tools shaped by shaving rock flakes)