Question

question 9
james and mary attended counseling for marital problems. the counselor decided to meet each partner in an individual session before meeting them as a couple. james confided that he was hiv positive and was not going to tell his spouse because she would know that he had been unfaithful. the counselor decided to break confidentiality after their attempts to encourage james to inform his wife of his condition were unsuccessful. the counselor’s action ______.

was unethical but legal
was legal and ethical
was ethical and meets the american counseling association standard regarding contagious diseases, which states that practitioners must report when a client is hiv positive
may be considered ethical, but the practitioner could be in violation of a legal standard
2.5 / 2.5 points
question 10
what is the primary goal of ethical decision - making models?
to provide legal advice to practitioners

Explanation:

Question 9

The American Counseling Association's standards for contagious diseases (like HIV) allow breaking confidentiality when there's a risk of harm to others, after trying to get the client to disclose. The counselor first tried to get James to tell Mary, then decided to break confidentiality (since James didn't), which aligns with ethical and legal standards for such cases. The option "was ethical and meets the American Counseling Association standard regarding contagious diseases, which states that practitioners must report when a client is HIV positive" is incorrect as the standard isn't a mandatory report but a process of encouraging disclosure first. The correct reasoning leads to the option "was legal and ethical" (the selected one) being correct as the counselor followed ethical (tried to get James to disclose) and legal (allowing breach when harm risk and disclosure attempts fail) protocols.

Answer:

was legal and ethical (the selected option in the image, with the reasoning above confirming it)

Question 10 (assuming we need to answer, though options are cut off, but based on knowledge):

Ethical decision - making models in counseling (and related fields) aim to guide practitioners in making choices that are ethically sound, considering client welfare, professional standards, and moral principles. Their primary goal is to help practitioners resolve ethical dilemmas in a way that upholds ethical principles (like beneficence, non - maleficence, autonomy, justice) and ensures the best outcome for clients and the profession. If the options included something like "To help practitioners resolve ethical dilemmas in an ethically sound manner" or similar, that would be the answer. But since the options are cut off, based on the question, the primary goal is to facilitate ethical choices that protect client well - being and adhere to professional ethics.