Question

question 1 (mandatory) (1 point)
in the diffusion of dyes in agar gel experiment, which dye had a slower rate of diffusion? why?
○ potassium permanganate; higher molecular weight
○ methylene blue; higher molecular weight
○ potassium permanganate; due to being negatively charged
○ methylene blue; due to being negatively charged
question 2 (mandatory) (1 point)
what is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? are they passive or active transport?
○ diffusion is movement of water while osmosis is movement of solutes; both are passive transport
○ diffusion is movement of solutes while osmosis is movement of water; both are passive transport
○ diffusion is movement of solutes while osmosis is movement of water; diffusion is a type of passive transport while osmosis is a type of active transport
○ diffusion is movement of water while osmosis is movement of solutes; diffusion is a type of passive transport while osmosis is a type of active transport

Explanation:

Question 1

In diffusion, generally, the rate of diffusion is inversely related to molecular weight (heavier molecules diffuse slower). Methylene blue has a higher molecular weight than potassium permanganate, so it diffuses slower. The charge - related option is incorrect as the main factor affecting diffusion rate in agar gel here is molecular weight, not charge.

Question 2

• Diffusion: It is the movement of solute particles (like ions, molecules) from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
• Osmosis: It is specifically the movement of water molecules across a semi - permeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration (higher water potential) to an area of higher solute concentration (lower water potential).
• Passive transport: Both diffusion and osmosis occur down their respective concentration gradients (from high to low concentration for solutes in diffusion, from high to low water potential for water in osmosis) and do not require the input of energy (ATP), so they are types of passive transport.

Answer:

methylene blue; higher molecular weight