Question

section 1.4 - enzymes review
matching definitions:

1. the temperature or ph at which an enzyme works best.
2. the location where a substrate binds to an enzyme.
3. the name for substances that use enzymes.
4. the enzyme and substrate model.
5. a biological catalyst that speeds up reactions.
6. the energy needed for a reaction to take place.
7. another name for an enzyme.
8. when an enzyme loses its ability to work.
9. when water is lost in the formation of a polymer.
10. when water is added in the breaking down of a polymer.

yes or no:

1. is an enzyme used up during a reaction?
2. would cells be able to metabolize quick enough without enzymes?
3. do reaction rates speed up with enzymes?
4. is water added to a polymer during hydrolysis?
5. can a substrate bind to an enzyme that does not have a matching active site?
6. is a catalyst also called an enzyme?
7. based upon the name, would polymerase be an enzyme?
8. is water lost during dehydration?
9. would a denatured enzyme be able to catalyze reactions?

interpreting graphs:

1. what is the optimum temperature of the enzyme?
2. at what temperatures is the enzyme denatured?
3. would the enzyme still catalyze at the temperature of 78°f? if so, how would the reaction rate differ from the optimum?

Explanation:

1. The temperature or pH at which an enzyme works best is called the optimum.
2. The location where a substrate binds to an enzyme is the active - site.
3. Substances that use enzymes are substrates.
4. The enzyme and substrate model is lock and key.
5. A biological catalyst that speeds up reactions is an enzyme.
6. The energy needed for a reaction to take place is activation energy.
7. Another name for an enzyme is catalyst.
8. When an enzyme loses its ability to work, it is denatured.
9. When water is lost in the formation of a polymer, it is dehydration.
10. When water is added in the breaking down of a polymer, it is hydrolysis.

For yes - or - no questions:

1. Enzymes are not used up during a reaction, so no.
2. Cells would not be able to metabolize quickly enough without enzymes, so no.
3. Reaction rates speed up with enzymes, so yes.
4. Water is added to a polymer during hydrolysis, so yes.
5. A substrate cannot bind to an enzyme that does not have a matching active site, so no.
6. Not all catalysts are enzymes, so no.
7. Polymerase is an enzyme based on naming convention (enzymes often end in - ase), so yes.
8. Water is lost during dehydration, so yes.
9. A denatured enzyme cannot catalyze reactions, so no.

For graph - interpreting questions:

1. The optimum temperature is the temperature at which the reaction rate is highest. From the graph, it is around 85°F.
2. The enzyme is denatured at temperatures where the reaction rate drops significantly. From the graph, it seems to be above 90°F and below 75°F.
3. At 78°F, the enzyme would still catalyze. The reaction rate at 78°F is lower than the optimum (at 85°F) as the reaction - rate curve is lower at 78°F compared to 85°F.

Answer:

Matching definitions:

1. I. Optimum
2. A. Active site
3. F. Substrates
4. C. Lock and Key
5. E. Enzyme
6. B. Activation energy
7. H. Catalyst
8. J. Denatured
9. D. Dehydration
10. G. Hydrolysis

Yes or no:

1. No
2. No
3. Yes
4. Yes
5. No
6. No
7. Yes
8. Yes
9. No

Interpreting graphs:

1. Around 85°F
2. Above 90°F and below 75°F
3. Yes, the reaction rate is lower than at the optimum.