Question

section review questions

1. which european country had the most colonists in north america by the mid-1700s?
2. what document outlines the pattern of government for the united states?
3. what man liberated venezuela?
4. what liberator freed chile from spanish rule?
5. who became the first emperor of an independent brazil?

• why did many people in latin american countries fail to get freedom when they became independent of spain?

Explanation:

1. By the mid-1700s, British settlements in North America were the most populous compared to other European powers.
2. This foundational document establishes the U.S. government structure and rules.
3. He was a key leader in Venezuela's fight for independence from Spain.
4. He led military campaigns to free Chile from colonial Spanish control.
5. He was installed as emperor after Brazil's independence from Portugal.
6. Post-independence, power remained with a small elite class, preserving unequal social and economic systems that excluded most people from true freedom.

Answer:

1. Great Britain (the United Kingdom)
2. The United States Constitution
3. Simón Bolívar
4. Bernardo O'Higgins (with support from José de San Martín)
5. Pedro I (Pedro IV of Portugal)
6. Many people failed to gain freedom because the new independent governments were controlled by wealthy landowning and elite classes, who kept the unequal social, economic, and racial hierarchies from the colonial era in place, denying rights and opportunities to the majority of the population (including Indigenous people, enslaved people, and poor mestizos/working classes).