study guide: chemistry of life,
name: nevaeh white date: _____ block: __
directions: complete all sections. use complete sentences for short - answer responses. for fill - in - the - blank items, use the word bank so you don’t get stuck.
section a: key vocabulary (fill in the blank)
word bank: atomic number, proton, neutron, electron, ion, cation, anion, ionic bond, covalent bond, polar, hydrogen bond, cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, monomer, polymer, carbohydrate, lipid, protein, nucleic acid, hydrolysis, dehydration synthesis, enzyme, independent variable, dependent variable, constant, ph, acid, base, neutral.

the ______ identifies an element and equals the number of protons.

a charged atom is called an ______.

a(n) ______ has a positive charge because it has lost electrons.

a(n) ______ has a negative charge because it has gained electrons.

an ____ ____ forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.

water is ____ (polar/nonpolar), which allows it to form ____ bonds between molecules.

water molecules sticking to each other is called ____; water sticking to other surfaces is called ____.

water moving up thin tubes (like plant stems) is called ____ ____.

substances that mix well with water are ____; substances that do not are ____.

a ____ is a small building block; many monomers linked together form a ____.

breaking a polymer into monomers by adding water is called ______.

building a polymer by removing water is called ____ ____.

the ____ variable is what you change; the ____ variable is what you measure.

on the ph scale, a(n) ____ has ph < 7, a(n) __ has ph > 7, and ____ has ph = 7.

Question

study guide: chemistry of life,
name: nevaeh white  date: _______ block: ____
directions: complete all sections. use complete sentences for short - answer responses. for fill - in - the - blank items, use the word bank so you don’t get stuck.
section a: key vocabulary (fill in the blank)
word bank: atomic number, proton, neutron, electron, ion, cation, anion, ionic bond, covalent bond, polar, hydrogen bond, cohesion, adhesion, capillary action, hydrophilic, hydrophobic, monomer, polymer, carbohydrate, lipid, protein, nucleic acid, hydrolysis, dehydration synthesis, enzyme, independent variable, dependent variable, constant, ph, acid, base, neutral.
1) the ______ identifies an element and equals the number of protons.
2) a charged atom is called an ______.
3) a(n) ______ has a positive charge because it has lost electrons.
4) a(n) ______ has a negative charge because it has gained electrons.
5) an ______ ______ forms when electrons are transferred from one atom to another.
6) water is ______ (polar/nonpolar), which allows it to form ______ bonds between molecules.
7) water molecules sticking to each other is called ______; water sticking to other surfaces is called ______.
8) water moving up thin tubes (like plant stems) is called ______ ______.
9) substances that mix well with water are ______; substances that do not are ______.
10) a ______ is a small building block; many monomers linked together form a ______.
11) breaking a polymer into monomers by adding water is called ______.
12) building a polymer by removing water is called ______ ______.
13) the ______ variable is what you change; the ______ variable is what you measure.
14) on the ph scale, a(n) ______ has ph < 7, a(n) ______ has ph > 7, and ______ has ph = 7.

Accepted Answer

### Question 2:
# Brief Explanations:
A charged atom is defined as an ion. From the word bank, "ion" fits this definition.
# Answer:
ion

### Question 3:
# Brief Explanations:
A cation is a positively charged ion, which occurs when an atom loses electrons. The word "cation" from the word bank matches this description.
# Answer:
cation

### Question 4:
# Brief Explanations:
An anion is a negatively charged ion, formed when an atom gains electrons. "Anion" from the word bank is the correct term.
# Answer:
anion

### Question 5:
# Brief Explanations:
An ionic bond is formed when electrons are transferred between atoms. The two - word term "ionic bond" from the word bank fits this definition.
# Answer:
ionic bond

### Question 6:
# Brief Explanations:
Water is a polar molecule, and due to its polarity, it can form hydrogen bonds between molecules. So the first blank is "polar" and the second is "hydrogen".
# Answer:
polar; hydrogen

### Question 7:
# Brief Explanations:
Cohesion is the attraction of water molecules to each other, and adhesion is the attraction of water molecules to other surfaces. So the first blank is "cohesion" and the second is "adhesion".
# Answer:
cohesion; adhesion

### Question 8:
# Brief Explanations:
Capillary action is the phenomenon where water moves up thin tubes (like plant stems). The two - word term "capillary action" from the word bank is correct.
# Answer:
capillary action

### Question 9:
# Brief Explanations:
Hydrophilic substances mix well with water, while hydrophobic substances do not. So the first blank is "hydrophilic" and the second is "hydrophobic".
# Answer:
hydrophilic; hydrophobic

### Question 10:
# Brief Explanations:
A monomer is a small building block, and when many monomers are linked together, they form a polymer. So the first blank is "monomer" and the second is "polymer".
# Answer:
monomer; polymer

### Question 11:
# Brief Explanations:
Hydrolysis is the process of breaking a polymer into monomers by adding water. The term "hydrolysis" from the word bank is correct.
# Answer:
hydrolysis

### Question 12:
# Brief Explanations:
Dehydration synthesis is the process of building a polymer by removing water. The two - word term "dehydration synthesis" from the word bank is correct.
# Answer:
dehydration synthesis

### Question 13:
# Brief Explanations:
The independent variable is the one that is changed in an experiment, and the dependent variable is the one that is measured. So the first blank is "independent" and the second is "dependent".
# Answer:
independent; dependent

### Question 14:
# Brief Explanations:
On the pH scale, an acid has a pH less than 7, a base has a pH greater than 7, and a neutral substance has a pH of 7. So the first blank is "acid", the second is "base", and the third is "neutral".
# Answer:
acid; base; neutral

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