Question

topic: immune system
based on the data in the figure, what prediction can be made about the impact of vaccines on pneumococcal disease?
a. vaccines are decreasing the number of infections, because it is an effective treatment for infected individuals.
b. vaccines are decreasing the number annual infections; therefore, decreasing the number of antibiotic - resistant bacteria.
c. the number of vaccines given annually decreased over time causing a decrease in the number of antibiotic - resistant cases.
d. the number of vaccines given have decreased over time due to the discovery of new antibiotics that treat the bacteria that were resistant.
reasoning:

topic: immune system
which activity would stimulate the human immune system to provide protection against an invasion of a microbe?
a. a patient receives antibiotics after surgery.
b. an individual chooses to eat a well - balanced diet throughout their entire life.
c. an individual is vaccinated against chicken box.
d. a baby receives hormones contained it their mother’s milk.
reasoning:

Explanation:

1. For the first question about the impact of vaccines on pneumococcal disease: Vaccines work by preventing infections. The graph likely shows a decrease in infections over time due to vaccination. Option A is correct as vaccines prevent rather than treat infections. Option B is incorrect as the direct link between vaccine - induced decrease in infections and decrease in antibiotic - resistant bacteria is not shown in the context of the question. Options C and D are incorrect as they focus on the number of vaccines given rather than the impact on infections.
2. For the second question about stimulating the immune system: Vaccination exposes the immune system to a weakened or inactivated form of a pathogen, which stimulates the production of antibodies and memory cells, providing protection against future invasions. Antibiotics (Option A) are for treating infections, not stimulating the immune system. A well - balanced diet (Option B) supports overall health but does not directly stimulate specific immune protection against a microbe. Hormones in mother's milk (Option D) are mainly for growth and development, not for stimulating immune protection against a microbe.

Answer:

1. A. Vaccines are decreasing the number of infections, because it is an effective treatment for infected individuals.
2. C. An individual is vaccinated against chicken box.