Question

type of interaction
①
②
③
④
⑤
description
both species benefit from the relationship.
one species benefits and the other is killed.
one species benefits and the other is harmed.
one species benefits and the other is unharmed.
both species can harm one another.
predation
parasitism
commensalism

Explanation:

1. For "Both species benefit from the relationship", this is mutualism. In mutualistic interactions, both organisms involved gain advantages, like bees and flowers (bees get nectar, flowers get pollinated).
2. For "One species benefits and the other is killed", this is predation. Predation is when one organism (predator) kills and consumes another (prey) for food, so the predator benefits and the prey is killed.
3. For "One species benefits and the other is harmed", this is parasitism. Parasitism involves a parasite that benefits at the expense of the host, which is harmed (e.g., ticks on a dog—ticks get nutrients, dog may get sick or irritated).
4. For "One species benefits and the other is unharmed", this is commensalism. Commensalism is a relationship where one species gains something and the other is neither helped nor harmed, like barnacles on a whale (barnacles get a place to live, whale is unaffected).
5. For "Both species can harm one another", this is competition. In competitive interactions, species vie for the same resources (food, space, etc.), and both can negatively impact each other's survival or reproduction.

Answer:

1. Mutualism
2. Predation
3. Parasitism
4. Commensalism
5. Competition