Question

unit 1 cumulative test (characteristics of life, biomolecules, cell structure and transport) 2025
27 of 42
possible points: 2.13
match the cells to the best description
muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long - distance runner
pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes
macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria to destroy it
ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone)
options:
: a cell with a large number of mitochondria
: a cell with a large number of ribosomes
: a cell with a large number of lysosomes
: a cell with a large amount of smooth er
: a cell with a large number of chloroplasts
: a cell with a large number of vacuoles

Explanation:

1. Muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long - distance runner: Long - distance running requires a lot of energy. Mitochondria are the powerhouses of the cell, producing ATP (energy). So a muscle cell in a long - distance runner's thigh will have a large number of mitochondria to meet the high energy demand.
2. Pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes: Digestive enzymes are proteins. Ribosomes are the sites of protein synthesis. So a pancreatic cell that makes digestive enzymes will have a large number of ribosomes to synthesize the enzyme proteins.
3. Macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria to destroy it: Lysosomes contain hydrolytic enzymes that can break down engulfed bacteria. So a macrophage, which engulfs bacteria, will have a large number of lysosomes to help in the destruction of the bacteria.
4. Ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone): Steroid hormones are synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum (smooth ER). So an ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone) will have a large amount of smooth ER. Chloroplasts are found in plant cells (for photosynthesis) and vacuoles are more prominent in plant cells for storage, so these two options can be eliminated as we are dealing with animal cells here.

Answer:

• Muscle cell in the thigh muscle of a long - distance runner: a cell with a large number of mitochondria
• Pancreatic cell that manufactures digestive enzymes: a cell with a large number of ribosomes
• Macrophage (white blood cell) that engulfs bacteria to destroy it: a cell with a large number of lysosomes
• Ovarian cell that produces estrogen (a steroid hormone): a cell with a large amount of smooth ER