Question

use the following information to answer questions 17 and 18.
the anatomy of a synapse

1. the structure labelled s is used for the synthesis of

a. atp that is required for bonding the axon terminal to the receptor sites on the dendrite
b. atp that is required for the production of transmitter substances
c. carrier molecules that transport sodium ions across the synapse
d. enzymes that are required for the removal of transmitter substances from the synapse
hint: the shape of s is recognizable, yes?

1. if the large molecules contained in the structures labelled t must pass across the region labelled r to bond to structures labelled v for synaptic transmission of nerve impulses to occur, then it can be hypothesized that the terminal of the axon would carry out

a. endocytosis
b. osmosis
c. exocytosis
d. phagocytosis

Explanation:

1. For question 17, structure S appears to be a mitochondrion. Mitochondria are the power - houses of the cell and produce ATP. The ATP produced by mitochondria is used for various energy - requiring processes in the neuron, including the production of neurotransmitter substances.
2. For question 18, the large molecules in structure T are neurotransmitters. Neurotransmitters are released from the axon terminal into the synaptic cleft (region R) through exocytosis to bind to receptors (V) on the postsynaptic neuron for synaptic transmission to occur.

Answer:

1. B. ATP that is required for the production of transmitter substances
2. C. exocytosis