Question

1. what areas did the ottoman empire control? what were some issues the ottoman empire faced in the 1600 and 1700s?
2. why did the japanese remain isolated until the 1800s? what was the impact of isolation?
3. what powerful states or empires existed in the world in the 1700s?
4. how was catherine the great influenced by the enlightenment?
5. why were louis xiv and peter the great considered absolute monarchs?
6. what was the significance of the mughal empire and its relations with england?
7. what were the african trading kingdoms? what was their impact on the world at the time?
8. which enduring issues do you believe were the most significant in this unit? explain your answer by using specific historical and/or document evidence. consider the following: lack/control of resources, desire for power, conflict, discrimination/inequality/human rights violations/exploitation, desire for change, impact of geography/human impact on the environment, impact of technology/industrialization, impact of urbanization/migration/population growth, impact of nationalism, impact of ideas and beliefs, health/safety/security, globalization/cooperation, impact of imperialism, impact of tradition vs. modernization, and impact of trade/cultural diffusion.

Explanation:

1. The Ottoman Empire controlled areas in Southeast Europe, the Middle - East, and North Africa. In the 1600s and 1700s, issues included military decline, economic problems due to competition with European powers, and internal political strife.
2. Japan remained isolated until the 1800s due to policies like sakoku to maintain social stability and prevent foreign influence. The impact included preservation of traditional culture but also technological and economic lag compared to the West.
3. Powerful states/empires in the 1700s included the British Empire, French Empire, Russian Empire, Qing Dynasty of China, and the Mughal Empire (though declining).
4. Catherine the Great was influenced by Enlightenment ideas such as the rule of law, education reform, and the idea of a "benevolent despot." She promoted cultural and educational development in Russia.
5. Louis XIV and Peter the Great were considered absolute monarchs as they held complete political power, controlled the military, and made decisions without significant opposition. They centralized their states.
6. The Mughal Empire was significant for its cultural achievements, large - scale trade, and economic prosperity. Its relations with England initially involved trade but later led to British colonial encroachment.
7. African trading kingdoms included the Asante, Dahomey, and Songhai. They had a significant impact on world trade, especially in gold, ivory, and slaves, and had complex social and political systems.
8. The most significant enduring issues could be the impact of imperialism as European powers expanded and exploited other regions, and the impact of ideas and beliefs which influenced social and political changes across different empires and states.

Answer:

1. Controlled areas: Southeast Europe, Middle - East, North Africa. Issues: Military decline, economic problems, internal strife.
2. Reason for isolation: Sakoku policies for stability. Impact: Preserved culture, but lagged technologically and economically.
3. British Empire, French Empire, Russian Empire, Qing Dynasty, Mughal Empire.
4. Influenced by Enlightenment ideas like rule of law, education reform; promoted cultural and educational development.
5. Held complete political power, controlled military, centralized states.
6. Significant for cultural achievements and trade; relations with England led to colonial encroachment.
7. Asante, Dahomey, Songhai; significant impact on world trade and had complex systems.
8. Impact of imperialism and impact of ideas and beliefs.