Question

what happens when b cells are activated by antigens?
a. they produce antibodies
b. they become t cells
c. they become macrophages
d. they release cytokines

which cells are responsible for producing antibodies?
a. neutrophils
b. macrophages
c. t cells
d. b cells

what does the adaptive immune system create to combat specific pathogens in the future?
a. enzymes
b. memory cells
c. antibodies
d. antigens

which immune system component acts as a \cleanup crew\ by digesting dead cells and pathogens?
a. neutrophils
b. macrophages
c. b cells
d. t cells

Explanation:

1. When B cells are activated by antigens, they differentiate into plasma cells that secrete antibodies.
2. B cells (specifically their plasma cell derivatives) are the sole cells responsible for producing antibodies.
3. The adaptive immune system creates memory cells after an initial infection, which allow a faster, stronger response to the same specific pathogen in the future.
4. Macrophages are phagocytic cells that engulf and digest dead cells, debris, and pathogens, acting as the immune system's "cleanup crew".

Answer:

1. a. They produce antibodies
2. d. B cells
3. b. Memory cells
4. b. Macrophages