Question

what was the outcome of reed v. reed? a. affirmative action was banned b. racial quotas were banned c. gender classifications were upheld d. gender classifications were ruled unconstitutional which amendment established the equal protection clause? a. fifth amendment b. fourteenth amendment c. first amendment d. tenth amendment what does the incorporation doctrine apply to? a. state legislatures b. the bill of rights c. international laws d. private companies

Explanation:

1. In Reed v. Reed (1971), the Supreme - Court ruled that gender - based classifications in laws violated the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, making gender classifications unconstitutional.
2. The Equal Protection Clause is part of the Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which was ratified after the Civil War to ensure equal protection under the law for all citizens.
3. The Incorporation Doctrine is the principle by which most of the protections of the Bill of Rights are made applicable to the states through the Fourteenth Amendment's Due Process Clause.

Answer:

1. d. Gender classifications were ruled unconstitutional
2. b. Fourteenth Amendment
3. a. State legislatures