Question

which consequence of the plague of justinian made it harder to defend the empire? strengthening of the military expansion of trade networks growth of urban populations inability to maintain territorial gains

Explanation:

The Plague of Justinian caused a significant population decline, including in the military and among the general populace. "Inability to maintain territorial gains" is a consequence as the empire would lack sufficient resources (like manpower) to hold onto conquered areas or defend borders. The other options are incorrect: strengthening the military would help defense, expansion of trade and urban population growth don't directly relate to defense difficulty in this context.

Answer:

D. Inability to maintain territorial gains