Question

1. which of the following cell wall components is unique to gram - negative cells? (0.5pts) lipopolysaccharide teichoic acid mycolic acid peptidoglycan

Explanation:

For question 8: Endospores are survival structures, cell walls provide structural support, flagella enable movement. Fimbriae are hair-like structures specialized for adhesion, and capsules (a type of glycocalyx) help bacteria stick to surfaces and evade immunity.
For question 9: Lipopolysaccharide is a component of the outer membrane unique to gram-negative bacterial cell walls. Teichoic acid is unique to gram-positive cells, mycolic acid is in acid-fast bacteria, and peptidoglycan is present in both gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls.

Answer:

8)

• □ Endospores
• □ Cell walls
• ✅ Fimbriae
• ✅ Capsules
• □ Flagella

9)

• ✅ Lipopolysaccharide
• □ Teichoic acid
• □ Mycolic acid
• □ Peptidoglycan