Question

which of the following is true about the functions of dendrites and axons?
dendrites detect information from neighboring neurons, whereas axons transmit information.
dendrites integrate information from neighboring neurons, whereas axons detect information.
dendrites transmit information from neighboring neurons, whereas axons detect information.
dendrites transmit information from neighboring neurons, whereas axons integrate information.
question 10 (2.5 points)
janna and sarah are identical twins who were raised apart. lisa and shirley are non-biological adopted siblings who were raised in the same home. which set of sisters would you expect to be more similar in personality traits such as neuroticism and openness?
lisa and shirley would be more similar.
this question cannot be answered without knowing how agreeable or open the people who raised these siblings are.
each woman will have a similar agreeableness level to her sister, but their degree of openness cannot be predicted.
janna and sarah would be more similar.

Explanation:

First Question (About Dendrites and Axons)

To determine the correct statement, we recall the functions of dendrites and axons in neurons. Dendrites are the branch - like structures of a neuron that receive (detect) information from neighboring neurons (either from their axons or other parts). Axons are the long, slender projections of a neuron that transmit electrical impulses (information) away from the cell body to other neurons, muscles, or glands.

• The second option is incorrect because axons do not detect information, dendrites do.
• The third option is incorrect as dendrites do not transmit information (they receive it) and axons do not detect information.
• The fourth option is incorrect because dendrites do not transmit information and axons do not integrate information (the cell body is more involved in integration).
• The first option correctly states that dendrites detect information from neighboring neurons and axons transmit information.

Personality traits like neuroticism and openness have a significant genetic component. Identical twins (like Janna and Sarah) share nearly 100% of their genes, while non - biological adopted siblings (like Lisa and Shirley) share no biological genes (except for what is common in the general population) and are raised in the same environment. Since genetic factors play a major role in personality traits such as neuroticism and openness, identical twins raised apart are more likely to be similar in these traits compared to non - biological siblings raised together.

• The first option is incorrect because non - biological siblings have no shared genes, so their similarity in personality traits is not expected to be high.
• The second option is incorrect as we can answer the question based on the knowledge of the heritability of personality traits.
• The third option is incorrect as the heritability of both neuroticism and openness is well - established, and we can make a prediction based on genetic relatedness.
• The fourth option is correct as Janna and Sarah, being identical twins, share more genetic material related to personality traits.

Answer:

A. Dendrites detect information from neighboring neurons, whereas axons transmit information.

Second Question (About Twin and Sibling Personality Traits)