worksheet
name
a diagram below illustrating a chemical reaction that occurs in cells to answer questions1-6.

1. the enzyme in the above diagram is represented by number ______________.
2. the substrate in the above diagram is represented by number ______________.
3. what number represents the final products in this reaction? ______________
4. during the reaction, bonds form between which numbered substances? ______________
5. is water added or removed in this reaction? _____________________
6. what happens to the enzyme at the end of the reaction?
7. what would happen if the active site of the enzyme were altered?
8. study the graph below. it illustrates the effect of ph on the rate of enzyme action.
effect of ph on enzyme action
(a) how does ph affect this enzyme’s activity?
(b) what type of solution is best for this enzyme to function?
(c) what would happen to the enzyme if the ph was held at 9?
9. study the graph below. it illustrates the effect of temperature upon rate of enzyme action.
effect of temperature on enzyme action
(a) how does temperature affect this enzyme’s activity?
(b) what is the best temperature for this enzyme to function?
(c) what would happen to the enzyme if the temperature exceeded 60oc?

Question

worksheet
name
 a diagram below illustrating a chemical reaction that occurs in cells to answer questions1-6.

1. the enzyme in the above diagram is represented by number ______________.
2. the substrate in the above diagram is represented by number ______________.
3. what number represents the final products in this reaction? ______________
4. during the reaction, bonds form between which numbered substances? ______________
5. is water added or removed in this reaction? _____________________
6. what happens to the enzyme at the end of the reaction?
7. what would happen if the active site of the enzyme were altered?
8. study the graph below. it illustrates the effect of ph on the rate of enzyme action.
effect of ph on enzyme action
(a) how does ph affect this enzyme’s activity?
(b) what type of solution is best for this enzyme to function?
(c) what would happen to the enzyme if the ph was held at 9?
9. study the graph below. it illustrates the effect of temperature upon rate of enzyme action.
effect of temperature on enzyme action
(a) how does temperature affect this enzyme’s activity?
(b) what is the best temperature for this enzyme to function?
(c) what would happen to the enzyme if the temperature exceeded 60oc?

Accepted Answer

### Question 1
# Brief Explanations:
Enzymes are biological catalysts that remain unchanged during the reaction and have a specific active site. In the diagram, the enzyme (number 1) has a specific shape and remains throughout the reaction, binding to the substrate.
# Answer:
1

### Question 2
# Brief Explanations:
The substrate is the molecule that binds to the enzyme's active site. In the diagram, number 2 is the molecule that fits into the enzyme (number 1), so it's the substrate.
# Answer:
2

### Question 3
# Brief Explanations:
After the enzyme - substrate reaction, the products are formed. In the diagram, number 4 represents the final products as they are the result of the reaction between the enzyme and substrate.
# Answer:
4

### Question 4
# Brief Explanations:
During the reaction, bonds form between the substrate (number 2) and the other molecule (number 3) when they are in the enzyme's active site (bound to enzyme 1). So bonds form between 2 and 3.
# Answer:
2 and 3

### Question 5
# Brief Explanations:
This reaction appears to be a dehydration synthesis (condensation) reaction, where two molecules are joined together, and water is removed. In such reactions, a molecule of water is removed as a by - product when bonds form between the two molecules.
# Answer:
Removed

### Question 6
# Brief Explanations:
Enzymes are catalysts, which means they are not consumed or changed in the reaction. At the end of the reaction, the enzyme (number 1) remains unchanged and can be reused for another reaction.
# Answer:
It remains unchanged and can be reused.

### Question 7
# Brief Explanations:
The active site of an enzyme is specific to the substrate due to its shape (lock - and - key model or induced - fit model). If the active site is altered, the substrate will not be able to bind to the enzyme effectively, and the enzyme will not be able to catalyze the reaction (it will lose its catalytic activity for that substrate).
# Answer:
The enzyme will lose its catalytic activity for the substrate as the substrate will not be able to bind to the altered active site.

### Question 8 (a)
# Brief Explanations:
From the graph of "Effect of pH on Enzyme Action", the enzyme's activity increases as pH increases from a lower value until it reaches an optimal pH (the peak of the curve), and then decreases as pH continues to increase beyond the optimal pH.
# Answer:
The enzyme's activity increases with increasing pH up to an optimal pH, then decreases as pH continues to increase beyond the optimal pH.

### Question 8 (b)
# Brief Explanations:
The best solution (pH) for the enzyme to function is the pH at which the enzyme's activity is the highest, which is the pH at the peak of the "Effect of pH on Enzyme Action" graph (the optimal pH, around the middle of the curve's peak).
# Answer:
The solution with the optimal pH (the pH at the peak of the enzyme activity curve) is best for the enzyme to function.

### Question 8 (c)
# Brief Explanations:
If the pH is held at 9, which is beyond the optimal pH range (as seen from the graph where the curve drops after the peak), the enzyme's active site will be altered (denaturation may occur), and the enzyme's activity will decrease significantly or stop.
# Answer:
The enzyme's activity will decrease significantly or stop as the pH of 9 is likely beyond its optimal range, causing changes to the enzyme's active site.

### Question 9 (a)
# Brief Explanations:
From the graph of "Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Action", as temperature increases from a low value, the enzyme's activity (rate of reaction) increases until it reaches an optimal temperature. Beyond the optimal temperature, as temperature continues to increase, the enzyme's activity decreases rapidly.
# Answer:
The enzyme's activity increases with increasing temperature up to an optimal temperature, then decreases as temperature exceeds the optimal temperature.

### Question 9 (b)
# Brief Explanations:
The best temperature for the enzyme to function is the temperature at which the rate of enzyme action (activity) is the highest, which is the peak of the "Effect of Temperature on Enzyme Action" graph (the optimal temperature).
# Answer:
The optimal temperature (the temperature at the peak of the enzyme activity curve) is the best for the enzyme to function.

### Question 9 (c)
# Brief Explanations:
If the temperature exceeds 60°C, the enzyme (a protein - based catalyst) will undergo denaturation. Denaturation involves a change in the enzyme's three - dimensional structure, especially the active site. This will cause the enzyme to lose its catalytic activity.
# Answer:
The enzyme will undergo denaturation, and its catalytic activity will be lost.

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