Question

1. a sample of an unknown metal has a mass of 35.4 g and a volume of 3.11 cm³. calculate its density and identify the metal by comparison to table 2.4.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall the density formula

Density ($
ho$) is defined as mass ($m$) divided by volume ($V$), so the formula is $
ho = \frac{m}{V}$.

Step2: Substitute the given values

We know the mass $m = 35.4\ \text{g}$ and the volume $V = 3.11\ \text{cm}^3$. Substituting these into the formula, we get $
ho=\frac{35.4\ \text{g}}{3.11\ \text{cm}^3}$.

Step3: Calculate the density

Performing the division: $\frac{35.4}{3.11}\approx11.4\ \text{g/cm}^3$ (rounded to three significant figures). Then, by comparing this density with the values in Table 2.4 (assuming Table 2.4 has densities of common metals, for example, lead has a density around $11.34\ \text{g/cm}^3$, silver around $10.5\ \text{g/cm}^3$, gold around $19.3\ \text{g/cm}^3$, etc. The calculated density is close to lead's density, so the metal is likely lead (the exact identification depends on the values in Table 2.4, but the density calculation is as above).

Answer:

The density of the metal is approximately $\boldsymbol{11.4\ \text{g/cm}^3}$, and the metal is likely lead (or the specific metal corresponding to the density in Table 2.4).