Question

atomic basics
part a: atomic structure

1. draw five protons in the nucleus of the atom. label them with their charge.
2. draw six neutrons in the nucleus of the atom.
3. draw two electrons in the first energy level and label them with their charge.
4. draw three electrons in the second energy level and label them with their charge.
5. what element is represented by the diagram?

part b: atomic calculations

1. label the information provided in the periodic table.

8
o
oxygen
15.999

1. what does the atomic number represent?
2. what does the atomic mass represent?
3. how would you figure the number of protons or electrons in an atom?
4. how would you figure the number of neutrons in an atom?
5. use your knowledge of atomic calculations to complete the chart.

element	atomic number	atomic mass	protons	neutrons	electrons
p	15	31	15	16	15
cl	17	35	17	17	17
ni	28	58	31	31	31
k	19	39	19	19	19
ag	47	107	61	61	61
h	1	1	1		1
si	14	28.09	14	14	14
w	74	183	74	110	74
ne	10	20	10	10	10

Explanation:

Step1: Define atomic number concept

The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of its atom. Also, in a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.

Step2: Define atomic mass concept

The atomic mass is approximately equal to the sum of the number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. So, the number of neutrons = atomic mass - atomic number.

Step3: Complete the chart for Li

For Lithium (Li), atomic number = 3, so number of protons = 3. Atomic mass = 7, number of neutrons = 7 - 3=4. Number of electrons = 3 (since it's neutral).

Step4: Complete the chart for P

For Phosphorus (P), atomic number = 15, so number of protons = 15. Atomic mass = 31, number of neutrons = 31 - 15 = 16. Number of electrons = 15.

Step5: Complete the chart for Cl

For Chlorine (Cl), atomic number = 17, so number of protons = 17. Atomic mass = 35, number of neutrons = 35 - 17 = 18 (there is a mistake in the written - work where it says 17). Number of electrons = 17.

Step6: Complete the chart for Ni

For Nickel (Ni), atomic number = 28, so number of protons = 28 (there is a mistake in the written - work where it says 31). Atomic mass = 59, number of neutrons = 59 - 28 = 31. Number of electrons = 28.

Step7: Complete the chart for K

For Potassium (K), atomic number = 19, so number of protons = 19. Atomic mass = 39, number of neutrons = 39 - 19 = 20 (there is a mistake in the written - work where it says 19). Number of electrons = 19.

Step8: Complete the chart for Ag

For Silver (Ag), atomic number = 47, so number of protons = 47. Atomic mass = 107, number of neutrons = 107 - 47 = 60 (there is a mistake in the written - work where it says 61). Number of electrons = 47.

Step9: Complete the chart for H

For Hydrogen (H), atomic number = 1, so number of protons = 1. Atomic mass = 1, number of neutrons = 1 - 1 = 0. Number of electrons = 1.

Step10: Complete the chart for Si

For Silicon (Si), atomic number = 14, so number of protons = 14. Atomic mass = 28.09, number of neutrons = 28.09 - 14≈14. Number of electrons = 14.

Step11: Complete the chart for W

For Tungsten (W), atomic number = 74, so number of protons = 74. Atomic mass = 183, number of neutrons = 183 - 74 = 109 (there is a mistake in the written - work where it says 110). Number of electrons = 74.

Step12: Complete the chart for Ne

For Neon (Ne), atomic number = 10, so number of protons = 10. Atomic mass = 20, number of neutrons = 20 - 10 = 10. Number of electrons = 10.

Answer:

Element	Atomic Number	Atomic Mass	Protons	Neutrons	Electrons
P	15	31	15	16	15
Cl	17	35	17	18	17
Ni	28	59	28	31	28
K	19	39	19	20	19
Ag	47	107	47	60	47
H	1	1	1	0	1
Si	14	28.09	14	14	14
W	74	183	74	109	74
Ne	10	20	10	10	10