Question

atoms - extra practice
use your new skills to answer the following. write the name and the isotope symbol for each.

1. an isotope of nickel (ni) has 32 neutrons.
2. an atom of the element ba has a mass number of 135.
3. a certain atom has an atomic number of 32 and 41 neutrons.
4. a neutral atom has 79 electrons and a mass number of 196.
5. a specific isotope of the element nd has 86 neutrons in its nucleus.

give the number of protons, neutrons, and electrons for each of the following neutral atoms.

1. helium - 3 (he - 3)
2. argon - 42 (ar - 42)
3. zirconium - 92 (zr - 92)
4. 40 ca 20
5. 84 kr 36

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic number and mass - number relationships

Atomic number (Z) = number of protons = number of electrons in a neutral atom. Mass number (A)= number of protons + number of neutrons.

Step2: Solve for each part

Part 1: Nickel - isotope

Nickel has an atomic number Z = 28. Given 32 neutrons, mass number A=28 + 32=60. Name: Nickel - 60, Isotope symbol: $^{60}_{28}Ni$

Part 2: Barium atom

Barium has an atomic number Z = 56. Given mass number A = 135. Name: Barium - 135, Isotope symbol: $^{135}_{56}Ba$

Part 3: Atom with Z = 32

The element with atomic number Z = 32 is Germanium (Ge). Mass number A=32 + 41 = 73. Name: Germanium - 73, Isotope symbol: $^{73}_{32}Ge$

Part 4: Neutral atom with 79 electrons

Since number of electrons = number of protons in a neutral atom, Z = 79 (Gold, Au). Given A = 196. Name: Gold - 196, Isotope symbol: $^{196}_{79}Au$

Part 5: Neodymium isotope

Neodymium has Z = 60. Given 86 neutrons, A=60 + 86 = 146. Name: Neodymium - 146, Isotope symbol: $^{146}_{60}Nd$

Part 6: Helium - 3

Helium has Z = 2. For He - 3, A = 3. Number of neutrons = A - Z=3 - 2 = 1. Protons: 2, Neutrons: 1, Electrons: 2

Part 7: Argon - 42

Argon has Z = 18. For Ar - 42, A = 42. Number of neutrons = A - Z=42 - 18 = 24. Protons: 18, Neutrons: 24, Electrons: 18

Part 8: Zirconium - 92

Zirconium has Z = 40. For Zr - 92, A = 92. Number of neutrons = A - Z=92 - 40 = 52. Protons: 40, Neutrons: 52, Electrons: 40

Part 9: Calcium - 40

Given Z = 20, A = 40. Number of neutrons = A - Z=40 - 20 = 20. Protons: 20, Neutrons: 20, Electrons: 20

Part 10: Krypton - 84

Given Z = 36, A = 84. Number of neutrons = A - Z=84 - 36 = 48. Protons: 36, Neutrons: 48, Electrons: 36

Answer:

1. Name: Nickel - 60, Isotope symbol: $^{60}_{28}Ni$
2. Name: Barium - 135, Isotope symbol: $^{135}_{56}Ba$
3. Name: Germanium - 73, Isotope symbol: $^{73}_{32}Ge$
4. Name: Gold - 196, Isotope symbol: $^{196}_{79}Au$
5. Name: Neodymium - 146, Isotope symbol: $^{146}_{60}Nd$
6. Protons: 2, Neutrons: 1, Electrons: 2
7. Protons: 18, Neutrons: 24, Electrons: 18
8. Protons: 40, Neutrons: 52, Electrons: 40
9. Protons: 20, Neutrons: 20, Electrons: 20
10. Protons: 36, Neutrons: 48, Electrons: 36