Question

atoms, ions, and isotopes
part 1 vocab: use the word bank to answer the following questions
word bank
protons, neutrons, electrons, ions, isotopes, atomic charge, mass number, atom, cation

1. the number of protons in an atom determines the identity of the atom. name it:
2. in a neutral atom, protons =
3. the mass of the atom =
4. atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons are called
5. isotopes are distinguished from each other by including the
6. atoms can gain or lose electrons to become an
7. a
8. a
9. ions are distinguished from atoms by including the

part 2 ions: use the information filled into the table to help you fill in the blanks.

name	symbol	atomic #	mass #	# protons	# neutrons	# electrons	cation or anion
iron			15	15	18
	f⁻

1. explain the difference between an atom and an ion.
2. what are some similarities between an atom and an ion?
3. draw a bohr model for a neutral aluminium atom and an aluminium ion.

Explanation:

1. An atom is electrically neutral with equal protons and electrons. An ion is charged, with more or fewer electrons than protons.
2. Both atoms and ions have a nucleus with protons and neutrons, and they are made of the same sub - atomic particles (protons, neutrons, electrons).
3. For a neutral aluminum atom (Al), atomic number = 13, so there are 13 protons, 13 electrons, and usually 14 neutrons (mass number 27). The electron configuration is 2, 8, 3 in electron shells. For an aluminum ion ($Al^{3 +}$), it has lost 3 electrons, so there are 13 protons, 10 electrons, and still usually 14 neutrons. In the Bohr model, the neutral atom has 3 electron shells with 2, 8, 3 electrons respectively, and the ion has 2 electron shells with 2, 8 electrons respectively. However, as this is text - based, a detailed drawing cannot be provided here but the above description can be used to draw it.

Answer:

1. An atom is neutral; an ion is charged due to gain or loss of electrons.
2. Both have protons, neutrons in the nucleus and are composed of sub - atomic particles.
3. For neutral Al atom: 13 protons, 13 electrons in 3 shells (2, 8, 3), usually 14 neutrons. For $Al^{3+}$ ion: 13 protons, 10 electrons in 2 shells (2, 8), usually 14 neutrons. Use this info to draw Bohr models.