Question

based on what you’ve learned about what happens when water freezes, which of the following helps explain why road salt is added in the winter to help prevent ice from forming on roadways and sidewalks? correct answer(s) drag appropriate answer(s) here salt generates covalent bonds with water and prevents freezing. salt causes the water molecules to vibrate and heat up. since salt is polar, it dissolves in water and disrupts hydrogen bonding. salt disrupts the crystal lattice by getting between the water molecules. incorrect answer(s) drag appropriate answer(s) here

Explanation:

1. Analyze "Salt generates covalent bonds with water and prevents freezing": Salt (ionic compound) forms ionic interactions with water (polar), not covalent bonds. So this is incorrect.
2. Analyze "Since salt is polar, it dissolves in water and disrupts hydrogen bonding": Salt (e.g., NaCl) is ionic, but its ions interact with water molecules, disrupting the hydrogen - bonding network needed for ice formation. This is correct.
3. Analyze "Salt causes the water molecules to vibrate and heat up": Adding salt to lower the freezing point is not about heating water molecules through vibration in this context. This is incorrect.
4. Analyze "Salt disrupts the crystal lattice by getting between the water molecules": When salt is added, the ions fit between water molecules, preventing them from arranging into the regular ice lattice. This is correct.

Correct Answers:

• Since salt is polar, it dissolves in water and disrupts hydrogen bonding.
• Salt disrupts the crystal lattice by getting between the water molecules.

Incorrect Answers:

• Salt generates covalent bonds with water and prevents freezing.
• Salt causes the water molecules to vibrate and heat up.

Answer:

1. Analyze "Salt generates covalent bonds with water and prevents freezing": Salt (ionic compound) forms ionic interactions with water (polar), not covalent bonds. So this is incorrect.
2. Analyze "Since salt is polar, it dissolves in water and disrupts hydrogen bonding": Salt (e.g., NaCl) is ionic, but its ions interact with water molecules, disrupting the hydrogen - bonding network needed for ice formation. This is correct.
3. Analyze "Salt causes the water molecules to vibrate and heat up": Adding salt to lower the freezing point is not about heating water molecules through vibration in this context. This is incorrect.
4. Analyze "Salt disrupts the crystal lattice by getting between the water molecules": When salt is added, the ions fit between water molecules, preventing them from arranging into the regular ice lattice. This is correct.

Correct Answers:

• Since salt is polar, it dissolves in water and disrupts hydrogen bonding.
• Salt disrupts the crystal lattice by getting between the water molecules.

Incorrect Answers:

• Salt generates covalent bonds with water and prevents freezing.
• Salt causes the water molecules to vibrate and heat up.