Question

c11 writing and balancing word equations: with the following chemical reactions: 1. rewrite the following sentences into balanced chemical equations 2. recall h, n, o, f, cl, br, and i are diatomic (h₂) and phosphorus and sulfur are written as p₄ and s₈ respectively. 3. do not forget to include states for each element or compound. 4. identify the type of reaction. solid sodium reacts with chlorine gas to produce solid sodium chloride balanced chemical equation: na(s)+cl(g)→nacl(s) type of reaction: solid aluminium oxide decomposes into solid aluminium and oxygen gas balanced chemical equation: al₂o₃(s)→al(s) o₂(g) type of reaction: solid potassium reacts with oxygen gas to produce solid potassium oxide balanced chemical equation: k(s)+o(g)→k₂o(s) type of reaction: solid mercury (ii) sulfide decomposes into liquid mercury and solid sulfur balanced chemical equation: type of reaction: aqueous cobalt (iii) nitrate reacts with solid zinc to produce aqueous zinc nitrate and solid cobalt balanced chemical equation: type of reaction: aqueous sodium sulfate reacts with aqueous strontium hydroxide to produce aqueous sodium hydroxide and solid strontium sulfate balanced chemical equation: type of reaction: fluorine gas reacts with aqueous lead (iv) iodide to produce aqueous lead (iv) fluoride and solid iodine balanced chemical equation: type of reaction: aqueous thallium (i) hydroxide reacts with aqueous magnesium bromide to produce solid magnesium hydroxide and solid thallium (i) bromide balanced chemical equation: type of reaction: carbon tetrahydride gas reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapour balanced chemical equation: type of reaction: tetracarbon octahydride gas reacts with oxygen gas to produce carbon dioxide gas and water vapour balanced chemical equation: type of reaction:

Explanation:

Step1: Balance sodium - chlorine reaction

Sodium ($Na$) is solid, chlorine is di - atomic gas ($Cl_2$), and sodium chloride ($NaCl$) is solid. The balanced equation is $2Na(s)+Cl_2(g)
ightarrow2NaCl(s)$. This is a combination reaction as two substances combine to form one product.

Step2: Balance aluminum - oxide decomposition

Aluminum oxide ($Al_2O_3$) is solid, aluminum ($Al$) is solid and oxygen is di - atomic gas ($O_2$). The balanced equation is $2Al_2O_3(s)
ightarrow4Al(s) + 3O_2(g)$. This is a decomposition reaction as one substance breaks into two.

Step3: Balance potassium - oxygen reaction

Potassium ($K$) is solid, oxygen is di - atomic gas ($O_2$), and potassium oxide ($K_2O$) is solid. The balanced equation is $4K(s)+O_2(g)
ightarrow2K_2O(s)$. This is a combination reaction.

Step4: Balance mercury(II) - sulfide decomposition

Mercury(II) sulfide ($HgS$) is solid, mercury ($Hg$) is liquid and sulfur ($S$) is solid. The balanced equation is $HgS(s)
ightarrow Hg(l)+S(s)$. This is a decomposition reaction.

Step5: Balance cobalt(III) - zinc reaction

Cobalt(III) nitrate ($Co(NO_3)_3$) is aqueous, zinc ($Zn$) is solid, zinc nitrate ($Zn(NO_3)_2$) is aqueous and cobalt ($Co$) is solid. The balanced equation is $2Co(NO_3)_3(aq)+3Zn(s)
ightarrow3Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)+2Co(s)$. This is a single - displacement reaction.

Step6: Balance sodium - strontium reaction

Sodium sulfate ($Na_2SO_4$) is aqueous, strontium hydroxide ($Sr(OH)_2$) is aqueous, sodium hydroxide ($NaOH$) is aqueous and strontium sulfate ($SrSO_4$) is solid. The balanced equation is $Na_2SO_4(aq)+Sr(OH)_2(aq)
ightarrow2NaOH(aq)+SrSO_4(s)$. This is a double - displacement reaction.

Step7: Balance fluorine - lead reaction

Fluorine is di - atomic gas ($F_2$), lead(IV) iodide ($PbI_4$) is aqueous, lead(IV) fluoride ($PbF_4$) is aqueous and iodine ($I_2$) is solid. The balanced equation is $2F_2(g)+PbI_4(aq)
ightarrow PbF_4(aq)+2I_2(s)$. This is a single - displacement reaction.

Step8: Balance thallium - magnesium reaction

Thallium(I) hydroxide ($TlOH$) is aqueous, magnesium bromide ($MgBr_2$) is aqueous, magnesium hydroxide ($Mg(OH)_2$) is solid and thallium(I) bromide ($TlBr$) is solid. The balanced equation is $2TlOH(aq)+MgBr_2(aq)
ightarrow Mg(OH)_2(s)+2TlBr(s)$. This is a double - displacement reaction.

Step9: Balance carbon - oxygen reaction (methane combustion)

Carbon tetrahydride (methane, $CH_4$) is gas, oxygen ($O_2$) is gas, carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) is gas and water ($H_2O$) is vapor. The balanced equation is $CH_4(g)+2O_2(g)
ightarrow CO_2(g)+2H_2O(g)$. This is a combustion reaction.

Step10: Balance tetracarbon - oxygen reaction (butane combustion)

Tetracarbon octahydride (butane, $C_4H_8$) is gas, oxygen ($O_2$) is gas, carbon dioxide ($CO_2$) is gas and water ($H_2O$) is vapor. The balanced equation is $C_4H_8(g)+6O_2(g)
ightarrow4CO_2(g)+4H_2O(g)$. This is a combustion reaction.

Answer:

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $2Na(s)+Cl_2(g)

ightarrow2NaCl(s)$, Type of Reaction: Combination

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $2Al_2O_3(s)

ightarrow4Al(s) + 3O_2(g)$, Type of Reaction: Decomposition

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $4K(s)+O_2(g)

ightarrow2K_2O(s)$, Type of Reaction: Combination

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $HgS(s)

ightarrow Hg(l)+S(s)$, Type of Reaction: Decomposition

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $2Co(NO_3)_3(aq)+3Zn(s)

ightarrow3Zn(NO_3)_2(aq)+2Co(s)$, Type of Reaction: Single - displacement

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $Na_2SO_4(aq)+Sr(OH)_2(aq)

ightarrow2NaOH(aq)+SrSO_4(s)$, Type of Reaction: Double - displacement

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $2F_2(g)+PbI_4(aq)

ightarrow PbF_4(aq)+2I_2(s)$, Type of Reaction: Single - displacement

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $2TlOH(aq)+MgBr_2(aq)

ightarrow Mg(OH)_2(s)+2TlBr(s)$, Type of Reaction: Double - displacement

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $CH_4(g)+2O_2(g)

ightarrow CO_2(g)+2H_2O(g)$, Type of Reaction: Combustion

1. Balanced Chemical Equation: $C_4H_8(g)+6O_2(g)

ightarrow4CO_2(g)+4H_2O(g)$, Type of Reaction: Combustion