Question

classifying matter

matter

mixture

compound ______ solution heterogeneous

blood
copper
calcium chloride
wood
antimony
barium nitrate
concrete
vegetable soup
platinum
salt water
vinegar
bronze
loess
air
antifreeze
zirconium
aluminum
baking soda
sand
80-proof whisky

Explanation:

To solve the problem of classifying matter, we first recall the basic classification of matter:

Step 1: Recall the Classification of Matter

Matter is classified into Pure Substances and Mixtures.

• Pure Substances: Consist of only one type of particle. They are further divided into:
• Elements: Made up of only one type of atom (e.g., Copper, Antimony, Platinum, Aluminum, Zirconium).
• Compounds: Made up of two or more different types of atoms chemically combined (e.g., Calcium chloride, Barium nitrate, Baking Soda).
• Mixtures: Consist of two or more substances physically combined. They are further divided into:
• Solutions (Homogeneous Mixtures): Uniform composition throughout (e.g., Salt water, Vinegar, Air, Antifreeze, 80 - Proof Whisky).
• Heterogeneous Mixtures: Non - uniform composition (e.g., Blood, Wood, Concrete, Vegetable Soup, Loess, Sand, Bronze).

Step 2: Classify Each Substance

Pure Substances - Elements:

• Copper (Cu)
• Antimony (Sb)
• Platinum (Pt)
• Aluminum (Al)
• Zirconium (Zr)

Pure Substances - Compounds:

• Calcium chloride ($CaCl_2$)
• Barium nitrate ($Ba(NO_3)_2$)
• Baking Soda (Sodium bicarbonate, $NaHCO_3$)

Mixtures - Solutions (Homogeneous):

• Salt water (Salt dissolved in water)
• Vinegar (Acetic acid in water)
• Air (Mixture of gases like $N_2$, $O_2$, etc.)
• Antifreeze (Ethylene glycol in water)
• 80 - Proof Whisky (Alcohol and water, mostly uniform)

Mixtures - Heterogeneous:

• Blood (Cells and plasma, non - uniform)
• Wood (Cellulose, lignin, etc., non - uniform)
• Concrete (Cement, sand, gravel, non - uniform)
• Vegetable Soup (Vegetables and broth, non - uniform)
• Loess (Soil particles, non - uniform)
• Sand (Sand particles, non - uniform)
• Bronze (Copper and tin, but the mixture can have non - uniform appearance at a micro - level or due to impurities, and it is an alloy which is sometimes considered heterogeneous if not well - mixed)

If we assume the task is to fill the blanks in the classification chart:

• The first blank (next to "Compound") in the "Pure Substance" branch should be "Element" (since pure substances are elements or compounds).
• The second blank (the main branch between "Compound" and "Mixture") should be "Pure Substance" (since matter is divided into pure substances and mixtures).

Answer:

• The first blank (under Matter, next to Compound) : $\boldsymbol{Element}$
• The second blank (the middle branch) : $\boldsymbol{Pure\ Substance}$

(And the classification of each substance as per the above steps)