Question

complete the following as best as you can based on your prior knowledge and look up anything that you do not know. 1. name each phase transition, note whether energy is absorbed or released, and provide an example. the first one is done for you. gas to liquid name: condensation energy is: released example: water droplets forming on bathroom mirror after a hot shower liquid to gas name: energy is: example: liquid to solid name: energy is: example: solid to liquid name: energy is: example: gas to solid name: energy is: example: solid to gas name: energy is: example: 2. when a state change occurs, does the substance change into a new substance or remain the same substance? explain.

Explanation:

1. Liquid to Gas:

• Name: Vaporization. This is the process where a liquid turns into a gas.
• Energy is: Absorbed. Energy is needed to break the intermolecular forces holding the liquid - phase together.
• Example: Water boiling in a pot, turning into steam.

1. Liquid to Solid:

• Name: Freezing. It is the transition from the liquid state to the solid state.
• Energy is: Released. As the substance solidifies, it gives off energy to the surroundings.
• Example: Water turning into ice in a freezer.

1. Solid to Liquid:

• Name: Melting. The process by which a solid becomes a liquid.
• Energy is: Absorbed. Heat energy is required to break the crystal - lattice structure of the solid.
• Example: Ice melting at room temperature.

1. Gas to Solid:

• Name: Deposition. A gas changes directly into a solid without passing through the liquid state.
• Energy is: Released. The gas loses energy to form a solid.
• Example: Frost forming on a cold window.

1. Solid to Gas:

• Name: Sublimation. A solid changes directly into a gas without becoming a liquid first.
• Energy is: Absorbed. Energy is needed to transform the solid directly into a gas.
• Example: Dry - ice (solid carbon dioxide) sublimating into carbon - dioxide gas.

1. When a state change occurs, the substance remains the same substance. State changes are physical changes, not chemical changes. In a physical change, the chemical composition of the substance does not change. For example, whether water is in the form of ice, liquid water, or steam, it is still composed of water molecules ($H_2O$).

Answer:

1.

• Liquid to Gas:
• Name: Vaporization
• Energy is: Absorbed
• Example: Water boiling to steam
• Liquid to Solid:
• Name: Freezing
• Energy is: Released
• Example: Water turning to ice
• Solid to Liquid:
• Name: Melting
• Energy is: Absorbed
• Example: Ice melting at room temperature
• Gas to Solid:
• Name: Deposition
• Energy is: Released
• Example: Frost forming on a cold window
• Solid to Gas:
• Name: Sublimation
• Energy is: Absorbed
• Example: Dry - ice sublimating into carbon - dioxide gas

1. The substance remains the same substance. State changes are physical changes and the chemical composition of the substance does not change. For example, water in all its states (ice, liquid, steam) is still $H_2O$.