Question

1 complete the following table.

isotopic symbol (nuclear form)	isotope symbol (hyphen form)	atomic #	mass #	# of protons	# of neutrons	# of electrons
			32	16
					24	20
$^{24}$mg	24	24	12	12	12	12
32s	32s	16	64	16	34	16
$^{207}$pb	lead-207	87	207	82	82	125
		53	127
$^{238}$u	uranium	92	92	238	92	146
			129	52
$^{19}$f	fluorine	9	19	9	10	9

Answer:

To solve the isotope table, we use the following relationships:

• Atomic number (\(Z\)) = Number of protons = Number of electrons (in neutral atoms).
• Mass number (\(A\)) = Number of protons + Number of neutrons.
• Isotopic symbol (nuclear form): \(\ce{^A_X}\) (where \(X\) is the element symbol).
• Isotopic symbol (hyphen form): \(X\text{-}A\).

Row 1:

• Protons = 11 ⇒ Atomic number \(Z = 11\) (element: Sodium, \(\ce{Na}\)).
• Neutrons = \(A - Z = 24 - 11 = 13\).
• Electrons = Protons = 11 (neutral atom).
• Nuclear form: \(\ce{^{24}_{11}Na}\); Hyphen form: Sodium-24.

Row 2:

• Protons = 16 ⇒ Atomic number \(Z = 16\) (element: Sulfur, \(\ce{S}\)).
• Neutrons = \(32 - 16 = 16\).
• Electrons = 16 (neutral atom).
• Nuclear form: \(\ce{^{32}_{16}S}\); Hyphen form: Sulfur-32.

Row 3:

• Electrons = 20 ⇒ Protons = 20 (neutral atom) ⇒ Atomic number \(Z = 20\) (element: Calcium, \(\ce{Ca}\)).
• Neutrons = 24 ⇒ Mass number \(A = 20 + 24 = 44\).
• Nuclear form: \(\ce{^{44}_{20}Ca}\); Hyphen form: Calcium-44.

Row 4: \(\ce{^{24}Mg}\)

• Element: Magnesium (\(\ce{Mg}\)), \(Z = 12\) (protons = 12).
• Mass number \(A = 24\).
• Neutrons = \(24 - 12 = 12\).
• Electrons = 12 (neutral atom).
• Hyphen form: Magnesium-24.

Row 5:

• Protons = 16 ⇒ \(Z = 16\) (Sulfur, \(\ce{S}\)), \(A = 64\).
• Neutrons = \(64 - 16 = 48\) (correction: original 34 is wrong).
• Nuclear form: \(\ce{^{64}_{16}S}\); Hyphen form: Sulfur-64.

Row 6: Lead-207 (\(\ce{^{207}Pb}\))

• Element: Lead (\(\ce{Pb}\)), \(Z = 82\) (protons = 82).
• Mass number \(A = 207\).
• Neutrons = \(207 - 82 = 125\).
• Electrons = 82 (neutral atom).

Row 7:

• \(Z = 53\) (Iodine, \(\ce{I}\)), \(A = 127\).
• Protons = 53, Electrons = 53 (neutral atom).
• Neutrons = \(127 - 53 = 74\).
• Nuclear form: \(\ce{^{127}_{53}I}\); Hyphen form: Iodine-127.

Row 8: \(\ce{^{238}U}\)

• Element: Uranium (\(\ce{U}\)), \(Z = 92\) (protons = 92).
• Mass number \(A = 238\).
• Neutrons = \(238 - 92 = 146\).
• Electrons = 92 (neutral atom).
• Hyphen form: Uranium-238.

Row 9:

• Protons = 52 ⇒ \(Z = 52\) (Tellurium, \(\ce{Te}\)), \(A = 129\).
• Neutrons = \(129 - 52 = 77\).
• Electrons = 52 (neutral atom).
• Nuclear form: \(\ce{^{129}_{52}Te}\); Hyphen form: Tellurium-129.

Row 10: \(\ce{^{19}F}\)

• Element: Fluorine (\(\ce{F}\)), \(Z = 9\) (protons = 9).
• Mass number \(A = 19\).
• Neutrons = \(19 - 9 = 10\).
• Electrons = 9 (neutral atom).
• Hyphen form: Fluorine-19.

Final Table (Key Corrections):

Isotopic Symbol (Nuclear)	Isotope Symbol (Hyphen)	Atomic #	Mass #	# Protons	# Neutrons	# Electrons
\(\ce{^{32}_{16}S}\)	Sulfur-32	16	32	16	16	16
\(\ce{^{44}_{20}Ca}\)	Calcium-44	20	44	20	24	20
\(\ce{^{24}Mg}\)	Magnesium-24	12	24	12	12	12
\(\ce{^{64}_{16}S}\)	Sulfur-64	16	64	16	48	16
\(\ce{^{207}Pb}\)	Lead-207	82	207	82	125	82
\(\ce{^{127}_{53}I}\)	Iodine-127	53	127	53	74	53
\(\ce{^{238}U}\)	Uranium-238	92	238	92	146	92
\(\ce{^{129}_{52}Te}\)	Tellurium-129	52	129	52	77	52
\(\ce{^{19}F}\)	Fluorine-19	9	19	9	10	9

(Note: Row 5 had an error in neutrons; corrected to 48. Other rows follow atomic structure rules.)