Question

a) create a line graph of concentration of sodium chloride in solution (x - axis) against freezing point of solution (y - axis).
i) create a scale for each axis based on your data. your scale should be large enough that your data takes up more than half of the available space both vertically and horizontally.
ii) as your temperatures will be below 0°c, your x - axis should be at the top rather than along the bottom, so the y - axis can better represent the negative numbers.
iii) remember to use a ruler to create straight lines that will connect your carefully plotted data points
b) describe the change in the freezing point of the solution as the concentration of sodium chloride increased

Explanation:

Step1: Determine x - axis scale

Based on sodium - chloride concentration data range, choose an appropriate scale. For example, if the concentration ranges from 0 to 10 mol/L, we can have a scale like 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10.

Step2: Determine y - axis scale

Based on freezing - point data range (negative values), say from - 10°C to 0°C, we can use a scale like 0, - 2, - 4, - 6, - 8, - 10.

Step3: Plot points

For each pair of (sodium - chloride concentration, freezing - point) data values, mark a point on the graph.

Step4: Connect points

Use a ruler to draw straight lines connecting the plotted points to create the line graph.

Step5: Analyze the graph for part b

Observe the trend of the line graph. As the x - value (sodium - chloride concentration) increases, note the change in y - value (freezing - point).

Answer:

a) The line graph is created following the above steps with appropriate scales for x and y axes, points plotted, and lines connected.
b) Generally, as the concentration of sodium chloride in the solution increases, the freezing point of the solution decreases. This is due to the colligative property of freezing - point depression, where solute particles disrupt the formation of the solid - phase lattice of the solvent, requiring a lower temperature for freezing to occur.