Question

decide whether these proposed lewis structures are reasonable. proposed lewis structure is the proposed lewis structure reasonable? yes. no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: yes. no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: yes. no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: if two or more atoms of the same element dont satisfy the octet rule, just enter the chemical symbol as many times as necessary. for example, if two oxygen atoms dont satisfy the octet rule, enter \o,o\.

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate valence - electrons for COCl₂

Carbon (C) has 4 valence electrons, oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons, and chlorine (Cl) has 7 valence electrons. For COCl₂, the total number of valence electrons is \(4 + 6+2\times7=24\). In the given structure, the number of valence - electrons shown is correct. Also, all atoms (C, O, and Cl) satisfy the octet rule.

Step2: Calculate valence - electrons for N₃⁻

Nitrogen (N) has 5 valence electrons. For N₃⁻, the total number of valence electrons is \(3\times5 + 1=16\). In the given structure, the number of valence electrons shown is 16. But the central N atom has 10 electrons (5 bonds), which violates the octet rule. The problem atoms are N.

Step3: Calculate valence - electrons for OH⁻

Hydrogen (H) has 1 valence electron and oxygen (O) has 6 valence electrons. For OH⁻, the total number of valence electrons is \(1+6 + 1=8\). In the given structure, the number of valence electrons shown is 8. But the H atom has 2 electrons (satisfies the duet rule) and the O atom has 8 electrons, so it satisfies the octet rule.

Answer:

1. Yes.
2. No, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesn't satisfy the octet rule. The symbols of the problem atoms are: N
3. Yes.