Question

decide whether these proposed lewis structures are reasonable. proposed lewis structure is the proposed lewis structure reasonable? :o: || :cl - c - cl: o yes. o no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: o no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: h - o - h o yes. o no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: o no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: :cl - o: - o yes. o no, it has the wrong number of valence electrons. the correct number is: o no, it has the right number of valence electrons but doesnt satisfy the octet rule. the symbols of the problem atoms are: if two or more atoms of the same element dont satisfy the octet rule, just enter the chemical symbol as many times as necessary. for example, if two oxygen atoms dont satisfy the octet rule, enter \o,o\.

Explanation:

Step1: Calculate valence - electrons for $COCl_2$

Carbon has 4 valence electrons, oxygen has 6, and each chlorine has 7. So the total number of valence electrons is $4 + 6+2\times7=24$. In the given $COCl_2$ Lewis - structure, the number of valence electrons shown is correct. Also, carbon has 4 bonds (satisfies octet), oxygen has a double - bond and 2 lone pairs (satisfies octet), and each chlorine has a single - bond and 3 lone pairs (satisfies octet).

Step2: Calculate valence - electrons for $H_2O$

Hydrogen has 1 valence electron and oxygen has 6. So the total number of valence electrons for $H_2O$ is $2\times1 + 6=8$. In the given $H_2O$ Lewis - structure, the number of valence electrons shown is correct. Oxygen has 2 bonds and 2 lone pairs (satisfies octet), and each hydrogen has 1 bond (satisfies the duet rule as hydrogen is an exception to the octet rule).

Step3: Calculate valence - electrons for $ClO^-$

Chlorine has 7 valence electrons, oxygen has 6, and there is an extra electron due to the negative charge. So the total number of valence electrons is $7 + 6+1 = 14$. In the given $ClO^-$ Lewis - structure, the number of valence electrons shown is correct. Chlorine has 1 bond and 3 lone pairs (satisfies octet), and oxygen has 1 bond and 3 lone pairs (satisfies octet).

Answer:

For $COCl_2$: Yes.
For $H_2O$: Yes.
For $ClO^-$: Yes.