Question

directions: for each of the following elements, draw lewis dot diagrams and arrows to show the transfer of electrons. then, write the chemical formula and name for the compound.
1)sodium + chlorine

1. potassium + iodine

formula: ____________
name: ____________
formula: ____________
name: ____________

1. magnesium + oxygen
2. calcium + sulfur

formula: ____________
name: ____________
formula: ____________
name: ____________

1. calcium + chlorine
2. magnesium + fluorine

formula: ____________
name: ____________
formula: ____________
name: ____________

Explanation:

Step1: Determine charges of ions for Sodium + Chlorine

Sodium (Na) loses 1 electron to form $Na^+$, chlorine (Cl) gains 1 electron to form $Cl^-$.

Step2: Write chemical formula

The chemical formula is $NaCl$ as the charges balance.

Step3: Name the compound

The compound is sodium chloride.

Step4: Determine charges of ions for Potassium + Iodine

Potassium (K) loses 1 electron to form $K^+$, iodine (I) gains 1 electron to form $I^-$.

Step5: Write chemical formula

The chemical formula is $KI$ as the charges balance.

Step6: Name the compound

The compound is potassium iodide.

Step7: Determine charges of ions for Magnesium + Oxygen

Magnesium (Mg) loses 2 electrons to form $Mg^{2 + }$, oxygen (O) gains 2 electrons to form $O^{2 - }$.

Step8: Write chemical formula

The chemical formula is $MgO$ as the charges balance.

Step9: Name the compound

The compound is magnesium oxide.

Step10: Determine charges of ions for Calcium + Sulfur

Calcium (Ca) loses 2 electrons to form $Ca^{2 + }$, sulfur (S) gains 2 electrons to form $S^{2 - }$.

Step11: Write chemical formula

The chemical formula is $CaS$ as the charges balance.

Step12: Name the compound

The compound is calcium sulfide.

Step13: Determine charges of ions for Calcium + Chlorine

Calcium (Ca) loses 2 electrons to form $Ca^{2 + }$, chlorine (Cl) gains 1 electron to form $Cl^-$. Two Cl^- are needed to balance the charge.

Step14: Write chemical formula

The chemical formula is $CaCl_2$.

Step15: Name the compound

The compound is calcium chloride.

Step16: Determine charges of ions for Magnesium + Fluorine

Magnesium (Mg) loses 2 electrons to form $Mg^{2 + }$, fluorine (F) gains 1 electron to form $F^-$. Two F^- are needed to balance the charge.

Step17: Write chemical formula

The chemical formula is $MgF_2$.

Step18: Name the compound

The compound is magnesium fluoride.

Answer:

1. Formula: $NaCl$, Name: Sodium chloride
2. Formula: $KI$, Name: Potassium iodide
3. Formula: $MgO$, Name: Magnesium oxide
4. Formula: $CaS$, Name: Calcium sulfide
5. Formula: $CaCl_2$, Name: Calcium chloride
6. Formula: $MgF_2$, Name: Magnesium fluoride