Question

directions: use a periodic table to find the information asked for below: 1. what is the atomic number of: calcium 20 iron 26 gold 79 uranium 92 2. what is the atomic mass of: calcium 40 iron 55.8 uranium 238 copper 63.5 3. how many protons do the following have? calcium 20 gold 79 copper 29 iron 26 4. how many electrons do the following have? gold 118 iron 30 copper 35 uranium 146 5. does mercury have more protons and electrons than tin? mercury hg p = 80 e = 121 tin sn p = 50 e = 69 yes 6. is mercury a heavier element than tin? yes hg = 80 sn = 50 7. does potassium have more electrons than neon? potassium k p = 19 e = 4 neon ne p = 10 e = 10 no 8. does hydrogen have more electrons than uranium? hydrogen h p = 1 e = 0 uranium u p = 92 e = 146 no 9. which has more protons, sulfur or iodine? sulfur 16 iodine 53 iodine has more protons

Explanation:

Step1: Recall atomic number concept

The atomic number of an element is unique and represents the number of protons in its nucleus. It can be found on the periodic table.

Step2: Find atomic numbers

Calcium has an atomic number of 20, Iron 26, Gold 79, Uranium 92.

Step3: Determine atomic masses

Atomic mass is also found on the periodic table. Calcium - 40, Iron - 55.8, Uranium - 238, Copper - 63.5.

Step4: Proton - electron relationship

In a neutral atom, the number of protons equals the number of electrons. So Calcium has 20 protons, Gold 79 protons, Copper 29 protons, Iron 26 protons. For electrons, Gold has 79 (assuming neutral), Iron 26, Copper 29, Uranium 92 (assuming neutral).

Step5: Compare elements

For Mercury (Hg) and Tin (Sn), from periodic table, Mercury has 80 protons and electrons (assuming neutral) and Tin has 50 protons and electrons (assuming neutral), so Mercury has more protons and electrons and is a heavier element. For Potassium (K) with 19 electrons and Neon (Ne) with 10 electrons, Potassium has more. Hydrogen (H) has 1 electron and Uranium has 92 (assuming neutral), so Uranium has more. Sulfur (S) has 16 protons and Iodine (I) has 53 protons, so Iodine has more protons.

Answer:

1. Calcium: 20, Iron: 26, Gold: 79, Uranium: 92
2. Calcium: 40, Iron: 55.8, Uranium: 238, Copper: 63.5
3. Calcium: 20, Gold: 79, Copper: 29, Iron: 26
4. Gold: 79, Iron: 26, Copper: 29, Uranium: 92
5. Yes
6. Yes
7. Yes
8. No
9. Iodine has more protons