Question

fill in the missing words
a) in an o-h bond a partial negative charge resides on the atom.
b) in a c-o bond a partial negative charge resides on the atom.
c) in an o-f bond a partial negative charge resides on the atom.
d) in an h-br bond a partial negative charge resides on the atom.
e) in a c-cl bond a partial negative charge resides on the atom.

Explanation:

Step1: Recall electronegativity concept

In a polar - covalent bond, the more electronegative atom attracts the shared electrons more strongly and has a partial negative charge.

Step2: Compare electronegativities for O - H

Oxygen is more electronegative than hydrogen. So in an O - H bond, the partial negative charge is on the oxygen atom.

Step3: Compare electronegativities for C - O

Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon. So in a C - O bond, the partial negative charge is on the oxygen atom.

Step4: Compare electronegativities for O - F

Fluorine is more electronegative than oxygen. So in an O - F bond, the partial negative charge is on the fluorine atom.

Step5: Compare electronegativities for H - Br

Bromine is more electronegative than hydrogen. So in an H - Br bond, the partial negative charge is on the bromine atom.

Step6: Compare electronegativities for C - Cl

Chlorine is more electronegative than carbon. So in a C - Cl bond, the partial negative charge is on the chlorine atom.

Answer:

a) oxygen
b) oxygen
c) fluorine
d) bromine
e) chlorine