Question

give the full ground state electron configuration for gallium.

Explanation:

Step1: Determine gallium's atomic number

Gallium (Ga) has an atomic number of 31. This means it has 31 electrons in its neutral state.

Step2: Fill orbitals according to Aufbau principle

Start filling orbitals in order of increasing energy: 1s can hold 2 electrons, 2s can hold 2 electrons, 2p can hold 6 electrons, 3s can hold 2 electrons, 3p can hold 6 electrons, 4s can hold 2 electrons, 3d can hold 10 electrons, and 4p can hold 6 electrons. After filling these orbitals up to 4p, we have used 2 + 2+6 + 2+6 + 2+10 + 1=31 electrons.

Answer:

$1s^{2}2s^{2}2p^{6}3s^{2}3p^{6}4s^{2}3d^{10}4p^{1}$