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Question
in order to find out the empirical formula of a compound such as copper oxide, we need to know how many atoms of copper combine with how many atoms of oxygen. we can work out the number of atoms from the number of moles. if we know the ratio between the number of copper atoms and oxygen atoms in the compound we know the formula. a sample of a compound contains 1.27g of cu and 0.16g of o. calculate the empirical formula. (a of cu = 63.5, a of o = 16) it is easiest to do this in columns using a table.
Step1: Calculer le nombre de moles de Cu
On utilise la formule $n=\frac{m}{A}$, où $n$ est le nombre de moles, $m$ est la masse et $A$ est la masse atomique. Pour le cuivre, $m_{Cu}=1.27g$ et $A_{Cu}=63.5g/mol$. Alors $n_{Cu}=\frac{m_{Cu}}{A_{Cu}}=\frac{1.27}{63.5}=0.02mol$.
Step2: Calculer le nombre de moles d'O
Pour l'oxygène, $m_{O}=0.16g$ et $A_{O}=16g/mol$. Alors $n_{O}=\frac{m_{O}}{A_{O}}=\frac{0.16}{16}=0.01mol$.
Step3: Trouver le rapport des nombres de moles
On prend le rapport des nombres de moles de Cu et d'O. $\frac{n_{Cu}}{n_{O}}=\frac{0.02}{0.01}=2$.
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La formule empirique est $Cu_{2}O$.