Question

parts of an atom worksheet
complete the following table for each atom.
then draw the bohr-rutherford diagram for each atom on the second sheet.

element name	standard notation	atomic number	atomic mass	protons	electrons	neutrons
carbon
		1	2
	$_{3}^{7}\text{li}$
oxygen-16
	$_{4}^{9}\text{be}$
sodium-23
				7		7

| | $\left_{11}^{23}\text{na}\
ight^{+1}$ | | | | | |

neon-20

| | $\left_{15}^{30}\text{p}\
ight^{-3}$ | | | | | |

16

18

16

Answer:

To solve the "Parts of an atom worksheet", we use the following concepts:

• Atomic Number (Z): Number of protons (and electrons in a neutral atom).
• Atomic Mass (A): Sum of protons and neutrons (\( A = Z + \text{neutrons} \)).
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^A_Z X} \) (X = element symbol), or with charge (e.g., \( \ce{[^A_Z X]^{n+}} \) or \( \ce{[^A_Z X]^{n-}} \)).

1. \( \boldsymbol{\ce{^{39}_{18}Ar}} \)

• Element Name: Argon
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 18 \) (subscript in notation).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 39 \) (superscript in notation).
• Protons: \( 18 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 18 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( A - Z = 39 - 18 = 21 \).

2. Carbon

• Element Symbol: \( \ce{C} \)
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 6 \) (carbon’s atomic number).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 12 \) (most common isotope of carbon).
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^{12}_6 C} \).
• Protons: \( 6 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 6 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( 12 - 6 = 6 \).

3. Atomic Number \( \boldsymbol{1} \), Atomic Mass \( \boldsymbol{2} \)

• Element Name: Hydrogen (isotope: Deuterium)
• Element Symbol: \( \ce{H} \) (or \( \ce{D} \) for deuterium).
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^2_1 H} \) (or \( \ce{^2_1 D} \)).
• Protons: \( 1 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 1 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( 2 - 1 = 1 \).

4. \( \boldsymbol{\ce{^7_3 Li}} \)

• Element Name: Lithium
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 3 \) (subscript).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 7 \) (superscript).
• Protons: \( 3 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 3 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( 7 - 3 = 4 \).

5. Oxygen-16

• Element Symbol: \( \ce{O} \)
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 8 \) (oxygen’s atomic number).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 16 \) (from “Oxygen-16”).
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^{16}_8 O} \).
• Protons: \( 8 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 8 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( 16 - 8 = 8 \).

6. \( \boldsymbol{\ce{^9_4 Be}} \)

• Element Name: Beryllium
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 4 \) (subscript).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 9 \) (superscript).
• Protons: \( 4 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 4 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( 9 - 4 = 5 \).

7. Sodium-23

• Element Symbol: \( \ce{Na} \)
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 11 \) (sodium’s atomic number).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 23 \) (from “Sodium-23”).
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^{23}_{11} Na} \).
• Protons: \( 11 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 11 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( 23 - 11 = 12 \).

8. Protons \( \boldsymbol{7} \), Neutrons \( \boldsymbol{7} \)

• Atomic Mass (A): \( 7 + 7 = 14 \).
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 7 \) (protons = atomic number → element: Nitrogen).
• Element Name: Nitrogen
• Element Symbol: \( \ce{N} \)
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^{14}_7 N} \).
• Electrons: \( 7 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).

9. \( \boldsymbol{\ce{[^{23}_{11} Na]^{+1}}} \)

• Element Name: Sodium (ion, \( \ce{Na^+} \))
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 11 \) (subscript).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 23 \) (superscript).
• Protons: \( 11 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 11 - 1 = 10 \) (positive charge: lose 1 electron).
• Neutrons: \( 23 - 11 = 12 \).

10. Neon-20

• Element Symbol: \( \ce{Ne} \)
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 10 \) (neon’s atomic number).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 20 \) (from “Neon-20”).
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^{20}_{10} Ne} \).
• Protons: \( 10 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 10 \) (neutral atom: electrons = protons).
• Neutrons: \( 20 - 10 = 10 \).

11. \( \boldsymbol{\ce{[^{30}_{15} P]^{-3}}} \)

• Element Name: Phosphorus (ion, \( \ce{P^{3-}} \))
• Atomic Number (Z): \( 15 \) (subscript).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 30 \) (superscript).
• Protons: \( 15 \) (atomic number = protons).
• Electrons: \( 15 + 3 = 18 \) (negative charge: gain 3 electrons).
• Neutrons: \( 30 - 15 = 15 \).

12. Protons \( \boldsymbol{16} \), Electrons \( \boldsymbol{18} \), Neutrons \( \boldsymbol{16} \)

• Atomic Number (Z): \( 16 \) (protons = atomic number → element: Sulfur).
• Atomic Mass (A): \( 16 + 16 = 32 \).
• Element Name: Sulfur (ion, \( \ce{S^{2-}} \) since \( 18 - 16 = 2 \) extra electrons).
• Element Symbol: \( \ce{S} \)
• Standard Notation: \( \ce{^{32}_{16} S} \) (ion: \( \ce{[^{32}_{16} S]^{-2}} \)).

Filled Table (Key Values):

Element Name	Standard Notation	Atomic Number	Atomic Mass	Protons	Electrons	Neutrons
Carbon	\( \ce{^{12}_6 C} \)	6	12	6	6	6
Deuterium	\( \ce{^2_1 H} \)	1	2	1	1	1
Lithium	\( \ce{^7_3 Li} \)	3	7	3	3	4
Oxygen-16	\( \ce{^{16}_8 O} \)	8	16	8	8	8
Beryllium	\( \ce{^9_4 Be} \)	4	9	4	4	5
Sodium-23	\( \ce{^{23}_{11} Na} \)	11	23	11	11	12
Nitrogen	\( \ce{^{14}_7 N} \)	7	14	7	7	7
Sodium Ion	\( \ce{[^{23}_{11} Na]^{+1}} \)	11	23	11	10	12
Neon-20	\( \ce{^{20}_{10} Ne} \)	10	20	10	10	10
Phosphorus Ion	\( \ce{[^{30}_{15} P]^{-3}} \)	15	30	15	18	15
Sulfur Ion	\( \ce{[^{32}_{16} S]^{-2}} \)	16	32	16	18	16

Bohr-Rutherford Diagrams (Brief):

For a neutral atom (e.g., Carbon, \( \ce{^12_6 C} \)):

• Nucleus: \( 6 \) protons (+) and \( 6 \) neutrons (neutral).
• Electron Shells:
• 1st shell: \( 2 \) electrons (max for n=1).
• 2nd shell: \( 4 \) electrons (remaining \( 6 - 2 = 4 \)).

For an ion (e.g., \( \ce{Na^+} \)):

• Nucleus: \( 11 \) protons, \( 12 \) neutrons.
• Electron Shells:
• 1st: \( 2 \), 2nd: \( 8 \), 3rd: \( 0 \) (lost 1 electron from 3rd shell).

(Note: Draw shells with electrons as dots, nucleus with protons/neutrons for each atom.)