Question

practice: atomic calculations
part 1 atomic structure

1. draw five protons in the atom to the right. label them with their charge.
2. draw six neutrons in the atom to the right. label them with their charge.
3. draw five electrons in the atom to the right. place two on the first energy level and three on the second. label them with their charge.
4. what element did you just draw?
5. how do you know?

part 2 periodic table

1. label each part of the periodic table notation shown to the right.
2. how do you know the number of protons in an atom?
3. how do you know the number of neutrons?
4. how do you know the number of electrons?

Explanation:

Step1: Determine element by proton number

The number of protons in an atom determines its identity. Here there are 5 protons. Boron has 5 protons.

Step2: Answer questions about atomic structure and periodic - table

1. Protons are positively charged (+1), draw 5 in the nucleus and label +1.
2. Neutrons are neutral (charge 0), draw 6 in the nucleus and label 0.
3. Electrons are negatively charged (-1), draw 2 in the first energy - level and 3 in the second and label -1.
4. The element is Boron.
5. Because the number of protons defines the element, and this atom has 5 protons which is the atomic number of Boron.
6. For the periodic - table notation shown (assuming standard notation with atomic number on top, symbol in the middle, and atomic mass at the bottom): The 8 is the atomic number (number of protons), 'Oxygen' is the element symbol, and 16.00 is the atomic mass.
7. The number of protons is equal to the atomic number shown on the periodic table.
8. The number of neutrons can be approximated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass (rounded to the nearest whole number). For example, for oxygen with atomic number 8 and atomic mass 16.00, neutrons = 16 - 8 = 8 (for the most common isotope).
9. In a neutral atom, the number of electrons is equal to the number of protons.

Answer:

1. Draw 5 protons in the nucleus and label +1.
2. Draw 6 neutrons in the nucleus and label 0.
3. Draw 2 electrons in the first energy - level and 3 in the second and label -1.
4. Boron
5. The number of protons defines the element and this atom has 5 protons.
6. 8 is the atomic number, 'Oxygen' is the element symbol, 16.00 is the atomic mass.
7. The atomic number on the periodic table.
8. Approximated by subtracting the atomic number from the atomic mass (rounded to the nearest whole number).
9. In a neutral atom, it is equal to the number of protons.