Question

properties of matter
properties are the characteristics of a substance. physical properties are characteristics that scientists can measure without changing the sample they are measuring, such as mass, color, and hardness. chemical properties describe the ability of a substance to react with other substances and can only be observed through a chemical reaction.
physical properties
physical properties are used to describe matter. a physical property can be determined simply by measuring or observing the material. observing an objects color, odor, luster (shininess), magnetism, or electrical conductivity, measuring an objects mass and volume, as well as calculating an objects density, are all ways to observe physical properties.
boiling point and melting point are physical properties. when a liquid boils, it changes into a gas. pure substances each have a unique temperature at which this change occurs - their boiling point. melting point is also a physical property. this is the temperature at which a substance changes from a solid to a liquid.
other physical properties have to do with how a material can be shaped. malleability is the ability of a metal to be shaped by hammering. a block of aluminum can be hammered into a thin sheet, so it is considered malleable. ductility is the ability of a substance to be drawn out into wire or thread. for example, copper is ductile because a bar of copper metal can be easily shaped into wire.
observing each of these physical properties does not require a chemical change. the material stays the same as physical properties are measured or observed.
chemical properties
chemical properties are characteristics of a substance that can only be observed during a chemical reaction. the material being tested changes during the reaction.
reactivity describes how easily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction. matter that reacts easily and quickly is called reactive. matter that does not react easily is called inert. sodium is a very reactive metal - so reactive that it explodes when it touches water!
flammability (how easily a material can catch on fire) and combustibility (how easily a material burns once its on fire) are chemical properties. these properties can only be observed if the substance is burning and undergoing a chemical change.
toxicity is a property that describes how harmful a substance is to living things. cyanide is considered toxic because it prevents the body from using oxygen.
the ability to be corroded is a chemical property. corrosion is the slow breakdown of a metal over time as it is exposed to substances such as water or air. rust is a type of corrosion that is a slow reaction between iron and oxygen in the air.
observing each of these chemical properties requires a chemical change to happen. the material is changed into a new substance as chemical properties are measured or observed.
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properties of matter
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directions: read the text properties of matter and then answer the questions below.

1. use context clues or a dictionary to define the following terms:

physical property - a object that has a properties to be touched or felt.
chemical property - a object that has a properties to only be observer.
luster - the way light bounces off something
malleability - the ability of metal to be shaped
ductility - the ability to be drawn
reactivity - how easy a chemical goes under a chemical reaction
flammability - how flammable it is
combustibility - to be able to burn
toxicity - how toxic it is
corrosion - a slow break down

Explanation:

1. Physical property: Physical properties are characteristics that can be measured or observed without changing the sample, like mass, color, hardness, boiling - point, melting - point, luster, magnetism, etc.
2. Chemical property: Chemical properties describe a substance's ability to react with other substances and are observed during a chemical reaction, such as reactivity, flammability, combustibility, toxicity, and corrosion.
3. Luster: Luster is the way light bounces off a material, giving it a shiny or dull appearance.
4. Malleability: Malleability is the property of metals to be hammered into thin sheets.
5. Ductility: Ductility is the ability of a substance to be drawn out into wire or thread.
6. Reactivity: Reactivity is how easily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction.
7. Flammability: Flammability is the ease with which a material catches fire.
8. Combustibility: Combustibility is how easily a material burns once it is on fire.
9. Toxicity: Toxicity is a measure of how harmful a substance is to living things.
10. Corrosion: Corrosion is the slow breakdown of a metal over time due to exposure to substances like water or air.

Answer:

1. Physical property - Characteristics of a substance that can be measured or observed without changing the sample (e.g., mass, color, hardness, boiling - point).
2. Chemical property - Characteristics of a substance that can only be observed during a chemical reaction (e.g., reactivity, flammability).
3. Luster - The way light reflects off a material, giving it a shiny or dull look.
4. Malleability - The ability of a metal to be hammered into thin sheets.
5. Ductility - The ability of a substance to be drawn into wire or thread.
6. Reactivity - How readily a substance undergoes a chemical reaction.
7. Flammability - The ease with which a material can catch fire.
8. Combustibility - How easily a material burns once ignited.
9. Toxicity - How harmful a substance is to living organisms.
10. Corrosion - The slow deterioration of a metal due to exposure to substances like water or air.